Anatomy and regional terms Flashcards
Anatomy
Directional Terms: Inferior
Below
What does the muscular system do?
Movement and stability, control of body openings, heat production
Body regions: Tarsal
Ankle
Body regions: Otic
Ear
Body regions: Cephalic
Head
Reversed
Further into the surface
Directional Terms: Deep
Reversed
Toward the nose or forehead
Directional Terms: Rostral
What are the two cavities within the abdominopelvic cavity?
Abdominal and Pelvic
Body regions: Cubital
Elbow
Reversed
Lower back
Body regions: Lumbar
What is the median?
The midsagittal plane that divides body straight down the middle separating equally the left and right sides
Reversed
Face
Body regions: Facial
Body regions: Nuchial
Back of the neck
Reversed
Armpit
Body regions: Axillary
Reversed
In front (Ventral)
Directional Terms: Anterior
What does the lymphatic system do?
Recovery of excess fluid, detection of pathogens, production of immune cells, defense against disease
What does the digestive system do?
Nutrient breakdown and absorption. Disposal of drugs, toxins, hormones. Cleansing of blood.
Directional Terms: Caudal
Towards the inferior end/ tail/tailbone
Reversed
Lateral area of the chest
Body regions: Pectoral
Reversed
Ankle
Body regions: Tarsal
Reversed
Thigh / upper leg
Body regions: Femoral
Reversed
Spine
Body regions: Vertebral
Body regions: Antebrachial
Forearm
What are the system(s) of protection, support and movement?
Skeletal, Muscular, Integumentary
Body regions: Acromial
Shoulder
Reversed
Chin
Body regions: Mental
What does the skeletal system do?
Support protective enclosure of viscera, blood formation, mineral storage, electrolyte and acid-base balance
Body regions: Thoracic
Chest
Reversed
Toward the median of the body
Directional Terms: Medial
Body regions: Auricular
Ear
Reversed
Mouth
Body regions: Oral
Physiology
Study of function of the body’s structural machinery
Body regions: Pedal
Foot
Reversed
(Sacrum) Base of the spine
Body regions: Sacral
Serous
Serosal fluid - liquid found between the parietal and visceral membranes
Reversed
Elbow
Body regions: Cubital
Reversed
Shoulder
Body regions: Acromial
Reversed
Pelvic region
Body regions: Pubic
Reversed
Above
Directional Terms: Superior
What does the endocrine system do?
Hormone production, internal chemical communication and coordination
Directional Term Practice: The right dorsum is ________ to the left femoral region.
Contralateral / Distal / Inferior
What does the male reproductive system do?
Production and delivery of sperm, secretion of sex hormones
What is the mediastinum?
The compartment in the thoracic cavity from the base of the neck to the diaphragm.
Reversed
Palm
Body regions: Palmar
Body regions: Pubic
Pelvic region
Reversed
Outer membrane forming the cavity holding the organ
Parietal membrane
Directional Term Practice: The antecubital region is ______ to the pectoral region.
Lateral
Reversed
Back of the knee
Body regions: Popliteal
Reversed
Groin
Body regions: Inguinal
Body regions: Coxal
Hip
What is the membrane lining of the abdominal cavity?
Peritoneum
Reversed
On the same side of the body
Directional Terms: Ipsilateral
Reversed
Forearm
Body regions: Antebrachial
Reversed
Back of the neck
Body regions: Nuchial
Directional Terms: Rostral
Toward the nose or forehead
Directional Terms: Superficial
Closer to the body surface
Body regions: Buccal
Cheek
Reversed
Eye
Body regions: Ocular
Reversed
Hip
Body regions: Coxal
Directional Term Practice: The acromion is _______ to the antebrachium.
Proximal / Superior
How many Organ systems are there?
Eleven, Twelve if Male/Female are separated
Reversed
Calf
Body regions: Sural
Directional Terms: Contralateral
On opposite sides of the body
Body regions: Gluteal
Buttocks
Body regions: Mental
Chin
What is the membrane lining of the pleural cavity?
Pleurae
Reversed
Nose
Body regions: Nasal
Reversed
Hand
Body regions: Manual
Reversed
Toward the back or spine (Posterior)
Directional Terms: Dorsal
Reversed
Head
Body regions: Cephalic
Reversed
the muscular sheet in between the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
What is the diaphragm?
Body regions: Inguinal
Groin
Body regions: Scapular
Shoulder blades
Body regions: Dorsum of hand
Back of the hand opposite the palm
Directional Terms: Lateral
Away from the median of the body
Body regions: Antecubital
Inner elbow
Directional Terms: Proximal
Closer to the point of attachment/origin
Reversed
Elbow
Body regions: Olecranal
Reversed
Inner membrane closer to the organ
Visceral membrane
Reversed
Upper Arm
Body regions: Brachial
What does the circulatory system do?
Distributes fluid, electrolytes, acid-base balance, nutrients, oxygen, wastes, hormones, heat, immune cells and antibodies
What are the system(s) of intake and output?
Respiratory, Urinary, and Digestive
Body regions: Carpal
Wrist
Reversed
phalanges
Body regions: Digital
Body regions: Oral
Mouth
Body regions: Cranial
Skull
Reversed
On opposite sides of the body
Directional Terms: Contralateral
What does the urinary system do?
Detoxification, Elimination of wastes, regulation of blood volume and pressure, stimulates red blood cell formation. controls fluid, electrolyte, acidbase balance
What is the membrane lining of the cranial cavity?
Meninges
Body regions: Axillary
Armpit
Body regions: Interscapular
Between the shoulder blades(scapula)
Body regions: Frontal
Forehead
What does the integumentary system do?
Protection, water retention, thermoregulation, Vitamin D synthesis, nonverbal communication, cutaneous sensation
What is the diaphragm?
the muscular sheet in between the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
Reversed
Knee
Body regions: Patellar
Body regions: Cervical
Neck
Directional Terms: Ipsilateral
On the same side of the body
Reversed
Between the shoulder blades(scapula)
Body regions: Interscapular
Body regions: Perineal
Perineum, area between the pubic and gluteal region
What does the female reproductive system do?
Production and delivery of eggs,fetal development, birth, and lactation, secretion of sex hormones
Body regions: Abdominal
Area below the diaphragm
Reversed
Closer to the point of attachment/origin
Directional Terms: Proximal
Reversed
Below
Directional Terms: Inferior
Reversed
Toward the superior end/head
Directional Terms: Cephalic
What is included within the axial region?
Cephalic, cervical, trunk (thoracic and abdominal)
Reversed
Heel of the foot
Body regions: Calcaneal
What are the two cavities within the thoracic cavity?
Pleural and pericardial
Body regions: Plantar Surface
Sole of the foot
Reversed
Foot
Body regions: Pedal
What is the sagittal plane?
Sections the body by a vertical line that divides the body into unequal left and right portions
Directional Terms: Anterior
In front (Ventral)
Reversed
Forehead
Body regions: Frontal
Body regions: Umbilical
Navel/bellybutton region
Visceral membrane
Inner membrane closer to the organ
Body regions: Nasal
Nose
Body regions: Palmar
Palm
Body regions: Vertebral
Spine
Body regions: Patellar
Knee
Reversed
Toward the front (Anterior)
Directional Terms: Ventral
Directional Terms: Distal
Further from the point of attachment/origin
Body regions: Dorsum
Upper surface of the foot
What are the system(s) of reproduction?
Male reproductive and female reproductive
Directional Terms: Ventral
Toward the front (Anterior)
Viscera
Organ
Body regions: Brachial
Upper Arm
Reversed
Wrist
Body regions: Carpal
Body regions: Sural
Calf
Body regions: Ocular
Eye
Reversed
Closer to the body surface
Directional Terms: Superficial
Body regions: Calcaneal
Heel of the foot
Body regions: Mons Pubis
Pelvic mound/genital area
Parietal membrane
Outer membrane forming the cavity holding the organ
Reversed
Ear
Body regions: Otic
Reversed
Sole of the foot
Body regions: Plantar Surface
Reversed
Cheek
Body regions: Buccal
Reversed
Towards the inferior end/ tail/tailbone
Directional Terms: Caudal
Directional Terms: Superior
Above
Directional Terms: Posterior
Toward the back or spine (Dorsal)
Reversed
Ear
Body regions: Auricular
Body regions: Facial
Face
Body regions: Pectoral
Lateral area of the chest
Reversed
Organ
Viscera
What is the frontal plane?
Same as the coronal plane, Extends vertically but perpendicular to sagittal plane. divides body into Anterior(Ventral) and Posterior(Dorsal) sections
Body regions: Sternal
Center of chest, sternum
What are the four main body cavities?
Cranial, vertebral canal, thoracic, and abdominopelvic
Reversed
Away from the median of the body
Directional Terms: Lateral
Reversed
Study of structure of body parts and their relationships to one another
Anatomy
Reversed
Inner elbow
Body regions: Antecubital
What is the coronal plane?
Same as the frontal plane, Extends vertically but perpendicular to sagittal plane. divides body into Anterior(Ventral) and Posterior(Dorsal) sections
Reversed
Buttocks
Body regions: Gluteal
Body regions: Crural
Shin / leg
Anatomy
Study of structure of body parts and their relationships to one another
Directional Terms: Medial
Toward the median of the body
What is included within the appendicular region?
Upper and lower extremities
Directional Terms: Dorsal
Toward the back or spine (Posterior)
What is the transverse plane?
Sections the body horizontally, perpendicular to its long axis. divides body into superior and inferior portions.
Reversed
Navel/bellybutton region
Body regions: Umbilical
Reversed
Back of the hand opposite the palm
Body regions: Dorsum of hand
Reversed
Chest
Body regions: Thoracic
Reversed
Toward the back or spine (Dorsal)
Directional Terms: Posterior
Reversed
Shoulder blades
Body regions: Scapular
What is the membrane lining of the pelvic cavity?
Peritoneum
Reversed
Center of chest, sternum
Body regions: Sternal
Reversed
The compartment in the thoracic cavity from the base of the neck to the diaphragm.
What is the mediastinum?
Directional Terms: Deep
Further into the surface
Body regions: Digital
phalanges
Reversed
Perineum, area between the pubic and gluteal region
Body regions: Perineal
Reversed
Skull
Body regions: Cranial
Body regions: Popliteal
Back of the knee
Reversed
Study of function of the body’s structural machinery
Physiology
Reversed
Shin / leg
Body regions: Crural
What are the system(s) of internal communication and integration?
Nervous, Endocrine
What does the nervous system do?
Rapid internal communication, coordination, motor control and sensation
Directional Terms: Cephalic
Toward the superior end/head
Body regions: Lumbar
Lower back
Reversed
Area below the diaphragm
Body regions: Abdominal
Body regions: Olecranal
Elbow
Body regions: Sacral
(Sacrum) Base of the spine
Reversed
Pelvic mound/genital area
Body regions: Mons Pubis
Body regions: Femoral
Thigh / upper leg
Reversed
Neck
Body regions: Cervical
What are the system(s) of fluid transport?
Circulatory, Lymphatic
What is the membrane lining of the pericardial cavity
Pericardium
Reversed
Upper surface of the foot
Body regions: Dorsum
What is the membrane lining of the vertebral canal?
Meninges
Body regions: Manual
Hand
What does the respiratory system do?
Absorption of oxygen, discharge of carbon dioxide acid-base balance, speech
Reversed
Further from the point of attachment/origin
Directional Terms: Distal
