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Medical Terminology > Chapter 4: Integumentary > Flashcards

Chapter 4: Integumentary Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Derm/o

A

Skin

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2
Q

Dermat/o

A

Skin

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3
Q

Cut/o

A

Skin

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4
Q

Cutane/o

A

Skin

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5
Q

Trich/o

A

Hair

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6
Q

Pil/o

A

Hair

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7
Q

Onych/o

A

Nail

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8
Q

Ungu/o

A

Nail

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9
Q

Seb/o

A

Oil, sebum

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10
Q

Sebac/o

A

Oil, sebum

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11
Q

Sudor/i

A

Sweat

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12
Q

Hidr/o

A

Sweat

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13
Q

The three layers of skin

A

Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis

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14
Q

Subcutaneous layer

A

Hypodermis

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15
Q

Avascular

A

Without vessels

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16
Q

Follicul/o

A

Follicle

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17
Q

Papill/o

A

Papilla, “nipple”

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18
Q

Bas/o

A

Basal

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19
Q

Squam/o

A

Scaly

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20
Q

Pore

A

Tiny openings in the surface of the skin that sweat is secreted through

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21
Q

Perspiration

A

The secretion of sweat

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22
Q

Papillary Layer

A

Upper thin layer of the dermis composed of fibers made from protein and collagen that regulates blood flow through extensive blood supply

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23
Q

Strat/a

A

Layer

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24
Q

Stria/e

A

Stretch marks

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25
Q

Hair Follicle

A

Hair roots and covering as one

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26
Q

Hair shaft

A

Visible part of hair

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27
Q

Papilla

A

Nipple-shaped structure that encloses the capillaries under the follicle

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28
Q

What is another name for the nail body?

A

Nail plate

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29
Q

Nail Body

A

The visible nail

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30
Q

Nail Root

A

Nail in a groove under a small fold of skin at the base

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31
Q

Nail Bed

A

Highly vascular tissue under the nail

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32
Q

What happens to the nail bed when blood is oxygen deficient?

A

Becomes blue/purple

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33
Q

What happens to the nail bed when blood is oxygenated?

A

Stays pink

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34
Q

Lunula

A

Moon shaped white area at the base of the nail

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35
Q

Cuticle

A

Small fold of skin above the lower part of the nail

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36
Q

Eponychum

A

Cuticle

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37
Q

Paronychium

A

Fold of skin near the sides of the nail

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38
Q

Kerat/o

A

Hard, horny

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39
Q

Aden/o

A

Gland

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40
Q

Melan/o

A

Black, dark

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41
Q

Adip/o

A

Fat

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42
Q

Hidraden/o

A

Sudoriferous gland

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43
Q

Vascul/o

A

Vessel

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44
Q

-ferous

A

pertaining to carrying

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45
Q

-is

A

structure

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46
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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47
Q

-ar

A

pertaining to

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48
Q

-ous

A

pertaining to

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49
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

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50
Q

a-

A

not, without, no

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51
Q

epi-

A

above

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52
Q

hypo-

A

under, below

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53
Q

sub-

A

under, below

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54
Q

Functions of integumentary system

A

First line of defense, Vitamin D synthesis, Sensation, elimination of wastes, thermal regulation

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55
Q

Another word for dermis

A

Corium

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56
Q

What are the sudoriferous glands?

A

Pores, do perspiration

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57
Q

Papul/o

A

Pimple

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58
Q

Lesion

A

Any visible, localized abnormality of the skin.

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59
Q

The difference between primary and secondary lesions

A

Primary skin lesions are the ones that initially occur as the result of trauma or disease.
Secondary lesions are those that have evolved from their primary form.

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60
Q

Nodule

A

Palpable solid lesion

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61
Q

Cyst

A

Nodule filled with semisolid material/liquid

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62
Q

Tumor

A

Nodules that are larger than 2cm, can be used to describe any mass or swelling

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63
Q

Hematoma

A

collection of extravasated (leaked) blood that are trapped in the tissues and can be felt by the examiner

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64
Q

Ecchymosis

A

a hemorrhage or extravasation of blood into the subcutaneous tissue. It is nonpalpable but generally darkens the skin.

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65
Q

Another name for Ecchymosis

A

Bruise

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66
Q

Petechia

A

a tiny ecchymosis in the dermal layer (tiny bruises all over)

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67
Q

Purpura

A

Massive hemorrhage into tissues under the skin

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68
Q

Three terms that are forms of extravasation

A

Ecchymosis, Petechia, Purpura

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69
Q

Extravasation

A

process of a substance (blood or lymph) leaking outside of a vessel into surrounding tissues.

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70
Q

Macule

A

A flat, nonpalpable blemish or discoloration that is less than 1 cm

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71
Q

Patch

A

A large, flat, nonpalpable macule that is larger than 1 cm

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72
Q

Papule

A

A raised solid skin lesion that is less than 1 cm

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73
Q

Plaque

A

A raised plateau-like papule larger than 1 cm

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74
Q

Wheal

A

A circumscribed, elevated papule that is caused by localized edema- raised elevated skin with liquid in it ex: hives, tb test

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75
Q

Vesicle

A

A circumscribed elevated lesion that is filled with fluid and smaller than ½ cm

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76
Q

Vessicle/ Bulla aka

A

Blister

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77
Q

Bulla

A

A circumscribed elevated lesion that is filled with fluid and larger than ½ cm

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78
Q

Pustule

A

Like a vesicle, but it is a raised lesion that is filled with pus as the result of an infection

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79
Q

Telangiectasia

A

A condition of dilated superficial venules and capillaries

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80
Q

Tel/e

A

distant

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81
Q

Angi/o

A

Vessel

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82
Q

-ectasia

A

Dilation

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83
Q

Secondary Lesion: Atrophy

A

Paper thin, wasted skin

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84
Q

Secondary Lesion: Cicatrix

A

A scar

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85
Q

Secondary Lesion: Keloid

A

Overgrowth of tissue at the site of an injury

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86
Q

Secondary Lesion: Eschar

A

Dried blood, serum, or pus that occurs at the site of an injury or burn

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87
Q

Secondary Lesion: Synonym for Eschar

A

Scab

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88
Q

Secondary Lesion: Fissure

A

Crack-like lesion of the skin

89
Q

Secondary Lesion: Ulcer

A

a circumscribed crater-like lesion of the skin or a mucous membrane. It’s important to note that ulcers can occur on the outer surface of the body as well on the inside

90
Q

Myc/o

A

Fungus

91
Q

a common chronic skin disorder characterized by circumscribed salmon red patches covered by thick, dry, silvery scales

A

Psoriasis

92
Q

Xeroderma

A

Mildly dry skin

93
Q

Xer/o

A

Dry

94
Q

Ichthyosis

A

Extremely dry skin

95
Q

Albin/o

A

White

96
Q

Albinoism

A

Condition of a lack of pigmentation, white skin, lack of melanin

97
Q

Chrom/o

A

color

98
Q

What is the rule of nines used for?

A

used to describe the percentage of the body that is affected by a burn by dividing the body into multiples of 9. To determine if burns are critical.

99
Q

Burns can be caused by

A

Heat, chemicals, electricity, or radiation

100
Q

What is a superficial burn?

A

First degree, damages only the epidermis

101
Q

What is a superficial partial thickness burn?

A

Second degree, gets through epidermis and papillary layer of dermis

102
Q

What is a deep partial thickness burn?

A

Second degree, gets through epidermis, papillary, and reticular layer of dermis

103
Q

What is a full thickness burn?

A

Third degree, gets through epidermis, full dermis, and hypodermis. Doesn’t hurt because nerves are dead.

104
Q

What is the uncommon fourth degree burn?

A

Burn goes through all skin layers and muscle maybe bone layer underneath

105
Q

Lipoma

A

Fatty tumor

106
Q

Dermatofibroma

A

Fibrous tumor under the skin

107
Q

Hemangioma

A

Tumor of blood vessel

108
Q

Angioma

A

Tumor of a vessel

109
Q

Acrochordon

A

Skin tag

110
Q

4 Malignant Neoplasms

A

Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, Kaposi Sarcoma

111
Q

BCC

A

Basal cell cacinoma

112
Q

SCC

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

113
Q

KS

A

Kaposi Sarcoma

114
Q

Bi/o

A

Life

115
Q

-opsy

A

Viewing

116
Q

Excisional biopsy

A

The entire tumor is removed as well as its borders for diagnosis and treatment

117
Q

Exfoliation

A

A scraping or shaving of sample of friable tissue lesions for examination

118
Q

Friable

A

Easily crushed

119
Q

Incisional Biopsy

A

Cutting of a wedge of tissue from a lesion followed by a suture of a closed site

120
Q

Needle Aspiration

A

Aspiration of fluid from lesions for culture or examination

121
Q

Punch Biopsy

A

Insertion of a tubular punch through skin to SQ layer to extract core of tissue for examination

122
Q

What does this test for…Tzanck test

A

Herpes zoster and herpes simplex

123
Q

What does this test for…Wood’s light test

A

Tests for tinea or pseudomonas in burns

124
Q

What does this test for…TB test

A

Tuberculosis

125
Q

What does this test for…Wound and abscess culture

A

identify pathogens in diabetic or decubitus ulcers, postoperative wounds, or abscesses

126
Q

What does this test for…Viral culture

A

samples of vesicular fluid to help identify the type of virus in a lesion

127
Q

What does this test for…Sweat test

A

test for abnormally high levels of sodium and chloride that are characteristic of patients who have cystic fibrosis

128
Q

Mohs Surgery

A

repeated removal and microscopic examination of layers of a tumor until no cancerous cells are present

129
Q

I&D

A

Incision and Drainage

130
Q

Incision and Drainage

A

the cutting open and the removal of the contents of a cyst, wound, or other lesion

131
Q

Rhytid/o

A

Wrinkles

132
Q

Pediculicides

A

Treat lice

133
Q

Protectives

A

Topicals with Sun protective factors (SPF)

134
Q

Retinoids

A

Alter top layer skin growth to treat acne

135
Q

Scabicides

A

Treat mites and scabies

136
Q

Aloe Vera

A

Herbally treats sunburns and ulcers

137
Q

Tea Tree Oil

A

Herbally is antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral

138
Q

Immunomodulators

A

Suppress the body’s immune system

139
Q

Immunosupressors

A

Suppress the body’s immune system

140
Q

Antipsoriatic

A

Treat/prevent psoriasis

141
Q

Antiviral

A

Decrease the effect or viruses

142
Q

Antiseptic

A

Prevents infection by destroying microbials

143
Q

Emollient

A

Topical that softens skin

144
Q

Keratolytics

A

Topical used to break down hardened skin and remove top layer

145
Q

Anesthetics

A

Can be topical, used to relieve pain and discomfort

146
Q

Antibacterial

A

drugs that prevent and treat bacterial growth

147
Q

Antifungal

A

drugs that attack fungi

148
Q

Antihistamine

A

Decrease itching by reducing allergic reaction

149
Q

Antiinflammatory

A

Reduce inflammation and pain

150
Q

Allograft

A

Skin graft from the same species

151
Q

All/o

A

Other

152
Q

Xen/o

A

Foreign(different species)

153
Q

Xenograft

A

TEMPORARY Skin graft taken from another species

154
Q

Autograft

A

Skin taken from self from another part of the body

155
Q

Another word for skin graft

A

Flap

156
Q

Laser therapy

A

used to repair and destroy tissue

157
Q

Occlusive therapy

A

Use of a dressing that closes off an area of skin to increase effectiveness of medication/absorption

158
Q

Psoralen Plus Ultraviolet A Therapy

A

PUVA is the use of ultraviolet rays on psoriatic regions

159
Q

Cauter/i

A

Burn

160
Q

Cry/o

A

Cold

161
Q

Cauterization

A

Burning of tissue in order to destroy them

162
Q

Cryosurgery

A

Use of extreme cold to destroy lesions

163
Q

Curettage

A

Scraping from the cavity wall to obtain tissue for microscopic examination

164
Q

Debridement

A

1st step in wound treatment, removal of foreign bodies, damaged tissue, cell debris, removal of dirt

165
Q

Clavus

A

Corn , mass of horny condensed epithelial over bony projection

166
Q

Callus

A

Thickening of Stratum corneum

167
Q

Bed sore is also known as

A

Decubitous ulcer

168
Q

Herpes Simplex 1 vs 2

A

1- coldsores, fever, blisters. 2- Genital herpes

169
Q

Verucca

A

WART (like verruca in willie wonka a wart on society)

170
Q

Herpes Zoster

A

Shingles, reactivation of the chicken pox

171
Q

Exanthematous

A

Series of diseases characterized by rash

172
Q

Furuncle

A

localized superficial staph infection starts in gland or follicle

173
Q

Carbuncle

A

Multiple furuncles

174
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis

A

“Cradle cap” inflammatory scaly disease of face and scalp

175
Q

Pruritis

A

Itching

176
Q

ec-

A

out

177
Q

nod/o

A

knot

178
Q

macul/o

A

spot

179
Q

eschar/o

A

scab

180
Q

nid/o

A

nest

181
Q

Eczema aka

A

Dermatitis

182
Q

Tinea Capitis

A

fungal infection of the scalp(ringworm)

183
Q

Tinea Corporis

A

Fungal infection of the body (ringworm)

184
Q

Tinea Cruris

A

(Jock itch) fungal infection occurs on external genitalia and upper legs

185
Q

Tinea Pedis

A

Fungal infection of the foot (Athlete’s foot)

186
Q

Capit/o

A

Head

187
Q

Corpor/o

A

Body

188
Q

Crur/o

A

Leg

189
Q

Ped/o

A

Foot

190
Q

Exanthemat/o

A

Rash

191
Q

vulgar/o

A

common

192
Q

crypt/o

A

hidden

193
Q

-plast

A

formation

194
Q

-oma

A

tumor, mass

195
Q

nev/o

A

birthmark

196
Q

occlus/o

A

to close

197
Q

auto-

A

self

198
Q

-ive

A

pertaining to

199
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

200
Q

-abrasion

A

scraping of

201
Q

Trans-

A

through

202
Q

intra-

A

within

203
Q

-cide

A

killing

204
Q

Sebaceous glands produce

A

oil through cells bursting to create the sebum

205
Q

Sudoriferous gland produces

A

Sweat through pores

206
Q

Another word for hematoma

A

blood blister

207
Q

Hydr/o

A

Water

208
Q

Alopecia

A

Hair loss

209
Q

Nevus

A

Mole

210
Q

Varicella

A

Chicken pox

211
Q

Myc/o

A

Fungus

212
Q

My/o

A

Muscle

213
Q

Myel/o

A

Bone marrow

214
Q

Paring AKA

A

Shaving

215
Q

Blepher/o

A

Eyelid

216
Q

Anti

A

Against

217
Q

Ante

A

Before

218
Q

Pruritis

A

Itching

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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