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Medical Terminology > Chapter 6: Urinary System > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Urinary System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

-ation

A

Process of

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2
Q

Nephr/o

A

Kidney

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3
Q

Ren/o

A

Kidney

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4
Q

Ur/o

A

Urine, urinary system

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5
Q

Cyst/o

A

Bladder

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6
Q

Vesic/o

A

Bladder

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7
Q

Urin/o

A

Urine, urinary system

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8
Q

Cellul/o

A

Cell

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9
Q

Extra-

A

Outside

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10
Q

-logy

A

Study of

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11
Q

Chym/o

A

Juices

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12
Q

par-

A

near, beside

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13
Q

en-

A

in

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14
Q

Ureter/o

A

Ureter

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15
Q

Urethr/o

A

Urethra

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16
Q

Meat/o

A

Meatus

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17
Q

Retro-

A

Backward

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18
Q

Cortic/o

A

Renal Cortex

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19
Q

Medull/o

A

Renal Medulla

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20
Q

Pyel/o

A

Renal Pelvis

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21
Q

Py/o

A

Pus

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22
Q

Pyr/o

A

Fire

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23
Q

Hil/o

A

Hilum

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24
Q

-ion

A

Process of

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25
Q

Function of the urinary system?

A

Take and remove waste of the body, regulate blood pressure, regulates blood production

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26
Q

Define meatus

A

an opening

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27
Q

Define convoluted

A

Not straight, scrunched up

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28
Q

-esis

A

State of

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29
Q

-dipsia

A

Thirst

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30
Q

-uria

A

Urinary condition

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31
Q

Define Nocturia

A

Condition of excessive urination at night

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32
Q

Define Polydipsia

A

Condition of excessive thirst

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33
Q

Poly-

A

excessive, frequent

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34
Q

Define Urinary abscess

A

Cavity containing pus and surrounded by inflamed tissue in the urinary system

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35
Q

Define Edema

A

Accumulation of fluid in the tissues (possibly from kidney failure)

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36
Q

Define pyuria

A

Pus in the urine

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37
Q

Define urinary retention

A

Inability to release urine, or to release all of the urine

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38
Q

Define urgency

A

Intense sensation of the need to urinate immediately

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39
Q

Define urinary incontinence

A

Inability to hold urine

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40
Q

Define colic

A

pain

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41
Q

What are the two types of diabetes?

A

Diabetes Insipidus (DI), and Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

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42
Q

Define Diabetes Insipidus

A

Deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) which causes extreme thirst (polydipsia) and large quantities of urine (polyuria)

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43
Q

Define Diabetes Mellitis

A

Group of metabolic disorders characterized by high glucose levels from inadequate amounts of insulin, resistance to insulin, or a combo of both

44
Q

Which diabetes has a type one and type two?

A

Diabetes Mellitis

45
Q

What does UTI stand for?

A

Urinary Tract infection

46
Q

What is a Urinary tract infection?

A

Most common Infection in the urinary system, caused by bacteria, parasites, yeast, and protozoa

47
Q

What does PKD stand for?

A

Polycystic Kidney disease

48
Q

What is polycystic kidney disease?

A

Inherited disorder by enlargement of the kidneys caused by renal cysts that reduce the function of the tissue

49
Q

What does ARF stand for?

A

Acute Renal failure

50
Q

What does CKD stand for?

A

Chronic kidney disease(formerly Chronic renal failure)

51
Q

What is stage 5 of CKD called?

A

End stage renal disease (ESRD)

52
Q

What is chronic kidney disease?

A

Kidney failure measured in five stages, 1 being mild damage and normal function, 5 being end stage renal disease requiring transplant or dialysis

53
Q

What does UA stand for?

A

Urinalysis

54
Q

What are the findings in a physical urinalysis?

A

Appearance, color, quantity, (SG) specific gravity

55
Q

What are the findings in a chemical urinalysis?

A

Bilirubin, blood, creatinine, glucose, ketones, pH, Protein

56
Q

What are the findings in a microscopic urinalysis?

A

Bacteria and pus

57
Q

What is a BUN test?

A

Blood urea nitrogen test- measures nitrogenous waste in the circulatory system

58
Q

What is a GFR test?

A

Glomerular filtration rate test- amount of blood filtered by the glomeruli of the kidneys

59
Q

What is KUB?

A

Kidney, ureter, and bladder radiographic imaging (XRAY) with a contrast medium

60
Q

What is VCUG?

A

Voiding cystourethrography- imaging done of the bladder and urethra with contrast while patient is urinating

61
Q

Cystoscopy?

A

Visual exam of the urinary bladder using a cystoscope

62
Q

What is a catheter?

A

Hollow, FLEXIBLE tube that can be inserted into a vessel, organ or cavity to drain fluid

63
Q

What is a stent?

A

Tubular device for SUPPORTING hollow structures during anastomosis or holding arteries open after angioplasty

64
Q

What does HS stand for?

A

Hemodialysis

65
Q

What is hemodialysis?

A

Renal filtering of blood by shunting it from the body through a machine for diffusion and ultra-filtration then returning it to patient’s circulation

66
Q

What does CT stand for?

A

Computed tomography

67
Q

Urinary pH modifiers are…?

A

Increase (acidizers) or decrease (alkalinizers) the pH of the urine to prevent kidney stones, treat acidosis or promote excretion of toxins

68
Q

Anticholinergics are…?

A

Help control incontinence by delaying the urge, increasing bladder capacity, and relaxing the bladder muscles

69
Q

Antidiuretics are…?

A

Suppress urine formation

70
Q

Antiinfectives are…?

A

Fight infections in the urinary system (antibiotics, antifungals, antiseptics)

71
Q

Antispasmodics are…?

A

Anticholinergic drugs that relax the bladder for treatment of incontinence

72
Q

Diuretics are…?

A

Increase the formation of urine by promoting excretion of water and sodium, often used to treat high blood pressure

73
Q

Anti-

A

Against

74
Q

Cyt/o

A

Cell

75
Q

Noct/i

A

Night

76
Q

Azot/o

A

Nitrogen

77
Q

-phagia

A

swallowing, eating

78
Q

Hemat/o

A

blood

79
Q

Neur/o

A

Nerve

80
Q

-pathy

A

disease process

81
Q

-sclerosis

A

hardening

82
Q

-ptosis

A

sagging, drooping

83
Q

-ology

A

study of

84
Q

-scope

A

instrument to view

85
Q

-scopy

A

process of viewing

86
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

87
Q

-metry

A

process of measuring

88
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

89
Q

-pexy

A

suspension, fixation

90
Q

olig/o

A

few

91
Q

-tripsy

A

crushing

92
Q

lith/o

A

stones

93
Q

polyuria

A

excessive urination

94
Q

Azoturia

A

Excessive nitrogen in urine

95
Q

Dys-

A

Bad, abnormal

96
Q

Dysuria

A

painful/abnormal urination

97
Q

Dysphagia

A

problem swallowing

98
Q

Hematuria

A

Blood in the urine

99
Q

Nephropexy

A

suspending or fixing the kidney in place

100
Q

Oliguria

A

Some, but not a lot of urine expelled (condition)

101
Q

Hypertension

A

High blood pressure

102
Q

Stricture

A

Something narrowing something else

103
Q

Jaundice

A

Yellowing of the skin and eyes from problem with the liver

104
Q

Glyc/o

A

glucose, sugar

105
Q

Henle aka Nephronic loop

A

The tube connecting the proximal and distal convoluted tubules in the kidneys

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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