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Medical Terminology > Bones > Flashcards

Bones Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Knee “cap”

A

Patella

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2
Q

Turbinates AKA Conchae

A

Spongy bones of the nasal passages, distinguished as superior, middle, inferior

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3
Q

Shoulder blade

A

Scapula

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4
Q

Strong bands of white fibrous connective tissue that holds tendons together and bones together

A

Ligaments

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5
Q

Skull (and function)

A

Bony structure forms the head, supports facial structures and protects brain

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6
Q

Three small bones of the inner ear

A

Ossicles

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7
Q

Parietal Bone(s)

A

Forms the sides of the cranium

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8
Q

True Ribs

A

Ribs that are attached directly to the sternum

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9
Q

Forms lower two sides of cranium

A

Temporal Bone(s)

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10
Q

Triangular muscle in upper back

A

Deltoid

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11
Q

Forms the sides of the cranium

A

Parietal Bone(s)

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12
Q

Which type of joint has full range of motion?

A

Diarthroses AKA Synovial Joints

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13
Q

Bony structure forms the head, supports facial structures and protects brain

A

Skull (and function)

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14
Q

Spine/Backbone

A

Vertebral Column

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15
Q

Maxilla AKA Maxillary Bone

A

Upper Jaw Bone

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16
Q

Medial bone of the calf/crural region

A

Tibia

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17
Q

Number of Cervical vertebrae

A

Seven Vertebrae

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18
Q

Trochanter

A

Bony projection on proximal end of femur that serve as points of attachment for muscle

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19
Q

Fibula

A

Lateral Bone of the calf/crural region

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20
Q

What is included in the Axial Skeleton?

A

Skull, rib cage, spine

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21
Q

Ischium

A

Inferior and dorsal part of coxa (Inferior to Ilium, dorsal to pubis)

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22
Q

Bony projection on proximal end of femur that serve as points of attachment for muscle

A

Trochanter

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23
Q

Coccyx

A

Tail bone at the base of the sacrum

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24
Q

Socket into which the femoral head fits

A

Acetabulum

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25
Q

Small cartilage process at inferior region of sacrum that ossifies into bone as adults

A

Xiphoid Process AKA Metasternum AKA Xiphisternum AKA Ensiform process

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26
Q

What is the definition of joint?

A

“Articulations”, parts where two or more bones of the skeleton join

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27
Q

Zygoma AKA Zygomatic Bone

A

Cheekbone

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28
Q

Lacrimal Bone(s)

A

Paired bones at the corner of each eye that cradle tear ducts

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29
Q

How many carpals are there?

A

Eight of these in each hand/wrist

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30
Q

Pubis

A

Inferior and ventral part of coxa (Inferior to Ilium, anterior to Ischium)

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31
Q

Calcaneus

A

Heel bone of foot

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32
Q

What are the nine parts of the cranium?

A

Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal, Ethmoid, Spenoid, Paranasal Sinuses, Mastoid Process, Ossicles

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33
Q

Metacarpals

A

Long bones of the hand connecting the carpals with the phalanges

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34
Q

Number of Lumbar vertebrae

A

Five Vertebrae

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35
Q

Temporal Bone(s)

A

Forms lower two sides of cranium

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36
Q

3 types of vertebrae

A

Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar

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37
Q

Ribs that do not directly attach to sternum but may attach by costal cartilage

A

False Ribs

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38
Q

Long bones of the foot connecting the tarsal with the phalanges

A

Metatarsals

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39
Q

Forms the roof and wall of nasal cavity

A

Ethmoid Bone

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40
Q

Palatine bone(s)

A

Shell shaped structure that makes up part of the roof of the mouth

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41
Q

Ball like tip usually proximal of long bones

A

Head of bone

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42
Q

Acromion Process

A

Bony Process of the scapula, top point of shoulder

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43
Q

Which type of joint has limited range of motion?

A

Amphiarthroses

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44
Q

Ilium

A

Superior and largest part of coxa (Superior to ischium and pubis)

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45
Q

Collar bone (Only horizontal long bone in body) Rotates when should is abducted

A

Clavicle

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46
Q

What are the two main parts of the skull?

A

Cranium and Facial Bones

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47
Q

Shell shaped structure that makes up part of the roof of the mouth

A

Palatine bone(s)

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48
Q

Head of bone

A

Ball like tip usually proximal of long bones

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49
Q

Mastoid Process

A

Posterior extension of the bone behind the ear

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50
Q

Bone that forms posterior/inferior part of nasal septal wall between the nostrils

A

Vomer

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51
Q

Acetabulum

A

Socket into which the femoral head fits

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52
Q

Scapula

A

Shoulder blade

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53
Q

Inferior and dorsal part of coxa (Inferior to Ilium, dorsal to pubis)

A

Ischium

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54
Q

Phalanges

A

Bones of the fingers and toes (thumbs and big toes have 2, all others have 3)

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55
Q

Space in between the bones

A

Interspace

56
Q

What are the five shapes of bones?

A

Long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid

57
Q

Femur

A

Thigh bone (Longest and strongest bone in the body)

58
Q

Inferior and ventral part of coxa (Inferior to Ilium, anterior to Ischium)

A

Pubis

59
Q

Sternum

A

Long narrow flat breast bone that connects rib cage

60
Q

Bones of the fingers and toes (thumbs and big toes have 2, all others have 3)

A

Phalanges

61
Q

Ribs that are attached directly to the sternum

A

True Ribs

62
Q

Occipital Bone

A

Forms the back of the skull (Large hole at ventral surface allows brain communication with spinal cord)

63
Q

Cheekbone

A

Zygoma AKA Zygomatic Bone

64
Q

Ulna

A

Thinner and longer antebrachial bone contralateral to the thumb

65
Q

Strong fibrous bands of connective tissue that holds muscle to bone

A

Tendon

66
Q

Posterior extension of the bone behind the ear

A

Mastoid Process

67
Q

Superior and largest part of coxa (Superior to ischium and pubis)

A

Ilium

68
Q

Long bones of the hand connecting the carpals with the phalanges

A

Metacarpals

69
Q

Brachial bone (largest bone in the arm)

A

Humerus

70
Q

Mandible AKA Mandibular Bone

A

Lower Jaw Bone

71
Q

Xiphoid Process AKA Metasternum AKA Xiphisternum AKA Ensiform process

A

Small cartilage process at inferior region of sacrum that ossifies into bone as adults

72
Q

Lateral antebrachial bone alongside thumbs

A

Radius AKA Radial Bone

73
Q

Bars of hyaline cartilage that connect sternum to rib bones

A

Costochondral Cartilage

74
Q

Skull, rib cage, spine are part of the ________ Skeleton?

A

Axial Skeleton

75
Q

Long narrow flat breast bone that connects rib cage

A

Sternum

76
Q

Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar

A

3 types of vertebrae

77
Q

Vastus Lateralis

A

Lateral muscle of the thigh (largest)

78
Q

Upper Jaw Bone

A

Maxilla AKA Maxillary Bone

79
Q

Ossicles

A

Three small bones of the inner ear

80
Q

Paranasal Sinuses

A

Air filled cavities lined with mucous membrane named for bones they are located in

81
Q

Metatarsals

A

Long bones of the foot connecting the tarsal with the phalanges

82
Q

The superior border of the wing of the pelvis/coxa

A

Iliac Crest

83
Q

Carpals

A

Bones of the wrist

84
Q

Coxa

A

Hips (Composed of three parts; Ilium, Ischium, Pubis)

85
Q

Interspace

A

Space in between the bones

86
Q

Shoulder bones, collar bone, pelvic bones, arms, legs are parts of the ____________ skeleton?

A

Appendicular skeleton

87
Q

“Five Bones” Triangular bone at base of spine- fused together as one one with five holes

A

Sacrum

88
Q

Forms the back of the skull (Large hole at ventral surface allows brain communication with spinal cord)

A

Occipital Bone

89
Q

False Ribs

A

Ribs that do not directly attach to sternum but may attach by costal cartilage

90
Q

Patella

A

Knee “cap”

91
Q

What is included in the Appendicular skeleton?

A

Shoulder bones, collar bone, pelvic bones, arms, legs

92
Q

Sphenoid Bone

A

Anterior to the temporal bone and basilar part of occipital bone

93
Q

Iliac Crest

A

The superior border of the wing of the pelvis/coxa

94
Q

Ethmoid Bone

A

Forms the roof and wall of nasal cavity

95
Q

Bones of the wrist

A

Carpals

96
Q

Condyle

A

Rounded projection at end of bone that anchors ligaments and articulates with adjacent bones

97
Q

Heel bone of foot

A

Calcaneus

98
Q

Forms the anterior part of the skull and forehead

A

Frontal Bone

99
Q

Sacrum

A

“Five Bones” Triangular bone at base of spine- fused together as one one with five holes

100
Q

Olecranon

A

Elbow/ Proximal extremity of the ulna connecting to humerus

101
Q

Spongy bones of the nasal passages, distinguished as superior, middle, inferior

A

Turbinates AKA Conchae

102
Q

Lower Jaw Bone

A

Mandible AKA Mandibular Bone

103
Q

What are the eight carpals? HINT: Some lovers try positions that they can’t handle.

A

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrium, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate

104
Q

What are the three types of joints?

A

Synarthroses, Amphiarthroses, Diarthrosis/Synovial Joints

105
Q

Thinner and longer antebrachial bone contralateral to the thumb

A

Ulna

106
Q

Rounded projection at end of bone that anchors ligaments and articulates with adjacent bones

A

Condyle

107
Q

Tendon

A

Strong fibrous bands of connective tissue that holds muscle to bone

108
Q

Deltoid

A

Triangular muscle in upper back

109
Q

Humerus

A

Brachial bone (largest bone in the arm)

110
Q

Paired bones at the corner of each eye that cradle tear ducts

A

Lacrimal Bone(s)

111
Q

Radius AKA Radial Bone

A

Lateral antebrachial bone alongside thumbs

112
Q

Malleolus

A

Bony projection on each side of the ankle

113
Q

Number of Thoracic vertebrae

A

Twelve Vertebrae

114
Q

Vomer

A

Bone that forms posterior/inferior part of nasal septal wall between the nostrils

115
Q

Vertebral Column

A

Spine/Backbone

116
Q

Which joint type has no range of motion?

A

Synarthroses

117
Q

Ligaments

A

Strong bands of white fibrous connective tissue that holds tendons together and bones together

118
Q

Costochondral Cartilage

A

Bars of hyaline cartilage that connect sternum to rib bones

119
Q

Clavicle

A

Collar bone (Only horizontal long bone in body) Rotates when should is abducted

120
Q

Elbow/ Proximal extremity of the ulna connecting to humerus

A

Olecranon

121
Q

Anterior to the temporal bone and basilar part of occipital bone

A

Sphenoid Bone

122
Q

Bony Process of the scapula, top point of shoulder

A

Acromion Process

123
Q

Tail bone at the base of the sacrum

A

Coccyx

124
Q

Bony projection on each side of the ankle

A

Malleolus

125
Q

Hips (Composed of three parts; Ilium, Ischium, Pubis)

A

Coxa

126
Q

Thigh bone (Longest and strongest bone in the body)

A

Femur

127
Q

Lateral muscle of the thigh (largest)

A

Vastus Lateralis

128
Q

Pair of small bones that make up the bridge of the nose

A

Nasal Bones

129
Q

Frontal Bone

A

Forms the anterior part of the skull and forehead

130
Q

Air filled cavities lined with mucous membrane named for bones they are located in

A

Paranasal Sinuses

131
Q

Nasal Bones

A

Pair of small bones that make up the bridge of the nose

132
Q

Five Vertebrae

A

Number of Lumbar vertebrae

133
Q

Twelve Vertebrae

A

Number of Thoracic vertebrae

134
Q

Tibia

A

Medial bone of the calf/crural region

135
Q

Lateral Bone of the calf/crural region

A

Fibula

136
Q

Seven Vertebrae

A

Number of Cervical vertebrae

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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