Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geog 202 > Chapter 9: Atlantic Canada > Flashcards

Chapter 9: Atlantic Canada Flashcards

1
Q

the settlement and economic development of the Atlantic region does seem to be influenced by the environment. This is described by the term: Environmental _____________.

A

Determinism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Newfoundland has been dependent upon the ____[fish] fishery for four hundred years. What attempts have been made to diversify this economy?

  1. Production from the huge ____ deposit
  2. ______ [city] harbour = oceanic container trade
  3. Atlantic _______: resource royalties and equalization payments.
A

cod;
nickel
Halifax
Accord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Newfoundland’s Production from the huge nickel deposit has 2 LNG (______) facilities. this makes Newfoundland an ______ hub for E. North America.

a. LNG: link between gas-producing countries (N. Africa, and Middle East) and the energy deficient market of New England
b. __________ LNG was the first LNG terminal in Canada. Send out 1 billion cubic feet of natural gas per day to Canada/US.

A

liquid nitrogen gas
energy
Canaport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

• The Federal Government has been very influential in the Atlantic. Can you identify what these influences were and are? (e.g., DREE, DRIE, etc.)

A

FTA & WTO - helped stimulate economy by allowing better access to US market

DREE - offered incentives to encourage companies to locate in Atlantic Canada
Highway , school, and municipal service construction.

TAGS - Closed cod fisheries and helped relocate and retrain workers because of dismal stocks .

DRI -

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Atlantic Canada has a Struggling/subpar economy due to exploitation and exhaustion of its _______

A

resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Atlantic Canada has Rural to Urban movement, and has Strong _____(out-/in-) migration.

A

out-migration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Atlantic Canada has Net out migration to other faster growing regions within Canada.
The 4 reasons are:
1. _________ division = transportation costs = discouraged companies
2. _____ and iron are exhausted & cod is overexploited
3. Series of _____ (large/small) internal markets
4. Far distance from Canada’s major ______

A

Geographic;
coal;
small
markets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Atlantic region contains ___% of Canadian Aboriginal population.

A

Aboriginal: 2.4%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Atlantic Canada is resource hinterland based on ____, ______, and ______.
(FFM)

A

fish; forests; minerals

pg 415 bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Atlantic Canada’s physical geography suffers from Geographical _________.

A

fragmentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Atlantic Canada contains what physiographic regions? and where?

A

Maritimes and Newfoundland = Appalachian Uplands

Labrador = Canadian Shield

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The Appalachian Uplands within the maritimes and Newfoundland have a rugged costline with _____/_______ terrain.

A

hilly/mountainous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The Canadian shield within Labrador have a scarce _____ land, fjord _______, rugged interior, and is mountainous.

A

arable; fjord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Atlantic Environmental Challenges

Overexploitation of the cod fishery, due to _________ advances and mismanagement

A

technological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Atlantic Environmental Challenges

• ______[city] Tar Ponds: These are located in ________[province]. these are a higher risk of _____[disease], being cleaned and this is an improvement

A

Sydney; Nova Scotia; cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Historical Geography:
Atlantic Canada has a high quantity of trade with New England. Halifax was the new England post, and ATL was badly hurt when treaty of _______ ended.

A

reciprocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Atlantic Canada Today:

Receives half of its revenue from________ payments (which go directly to provincial governments for spending)

A

equalization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Atlantic Canada’s population has been suffering from a stale growth down to an out-migration to ______ [province] in 2001, and then to [Alberta] in 2006.

A

Ontario; Alberta

19
Q

Atlantic Canada’s Population :

Due to lack of economic growth, and the creation of attractive new ____ in other areas of Canada

  1. Smaller markets will affect local _______
  2. _______ ambitious people moving to more prosperous regions
  3. Psychological cost
A

jobs;
businesses;
younger;

20
Q

Atlantic Canada has a dispersed population and this makes it harder to build/maintain ________
This was the result of the first settlers establishing isolated fishing outports

A

transportation

21
Q

The Atlantic Population and economy were slightly stimulated by the _____ _____ agreement and the WTO. These gave access to the ___ market.

Also the Lower Canadian dollar allowed for greater exports and ______.

A

FTA
US
tourism

22
Q

Industrial Structure:
The future of Atlantic Canada lies in the ______ sector, especially _________ industries

(study this)

A

tertiary

high-tech

23
Q

Atlantic Canada ‘s Economy:

• The Federal government established DREE (department of _________ __________ _________)
o Offered incentives to encourage ________ to locate in Atlantic Canada
o ________ construction, schools, and municipal services

A

regional economic expansion;
companies;
Highway;

24
Q

Atlantic Canada ‘s Economy:

Ottawa closed the cod fisheries in ____ [year] because of dismal stocks. This brought about TAGS (The ______ ______ _______ Strategy.)

A

1992;

Atlantic Canada Groundfish Strategy

25
Q

Atlantic Canada ‘s Economy:
TAGS:
$_ billion in monthly payments available to about 40,000 fishers, and fish-plant workers.

Intended to shift workers into other types of work through education and ________ programs

A

2 billion; retraining

26
Q

Atlantic Canada ‘s Economy:

Problems with TAGS:

Problems with TAGS: no one wanted to leave, and hard to _____ the old dogs

They need to diversify their economy by:
more emphasis on value-adding activities (manufacturing/processing _______ ______) and expansion of high technology in ____ sector.

A

retrain;
natural resources;
tertiary;

27
Q

Key Topic: Fishing Industry

Newfoundland has diversified is fishery industry since what event?
In 2006 landed value of NewFoundLand, and Lab. = $445.3 million, $315 million were due to ______ and ______

A

closing of cod fisheries;

snow crab & shrimp;

28
Q 
Atlantic Canada's fishing industry:
Consists of: 
\_\_\_\_\_\_ fishery
offshore fishery
and fish-\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ plants
A

inshore; offshore

29
Q

Atlantic Canada’s fishing:

Modernization of fishing:

_______ (more/fewer) fishers were needed
Tech advances and dragger nets leads to the problem of ________
collapse of cod forced ______ (inshore/offshore) fishers to turn to government assistance to survive

A

fewer
overfishing
inshore

30
Q

Atlantic Canada’s Management of Fish Stocks

• No management over international waters leads to what?

A

overexploitation of fish stocks

31
Q

Atlantic Canada’s Management of Fish Stocks

“_______ of the _______”: destruction of renewable resources, such as ____ [in this case], because there is a lack of management and individuals try to maximize their usage of the resource for personal gain. This practice overwhelms and destroys the resource through extinction or depletion.

A

Tragedy of the commons;

fish

32
Q

Atlantic Canada’s Management of Fish Stocks
How were they Mismanaged?
o Too high of ____
o Pressure from the industry to set a high quota
o No control over areas outside their _____ miles. (end of _____ ____are out of Canada control)

A

quota;
200 miles;
Grand Bank;

33
Q

Atlantic Canada’s Forest Industry:
Important to ________ [province] that generated half of Canada’s $4 billion in 2001.

Most of the timber land is privately owned in which provinces?

Most of the timber land is government owned or “Crown land” and 2% privately owned. These provinces are?

A

new Brunswick

PEI; NS; NB

NFL & Lab

34
Q

Atlantic Canada’s Mining:

2005, mineral production $10.7 billion This is mostly from offshore ______ developments

A

petroleum

35
Q

Atlantic Canada’s Mining:
$7 billion in oil from _____ and _____ [provinces]

$1.4 billion from natural gas in _____ [province]

____ ____ Company is the largest single employer in Labrador with 400 worker. This company supplies many jobs in Atlantic Canada.

A

NFL & LAB

Nova Scotia

Iron Ore Company

36
Q

Megaprojects in Atlantic Canada:

_______ oil project, and ____ _____ gas, Voisey Bay _____ deposit (high grade, open mining, and proximity to Ocean shipping)

These Create a high demand for workers (only while being ________ (constructed/operated))
• Hibernia drilling site is located in ________[province] and generates __% of Canadian oil production. This has a Huge impact on the province’s economy

A 
Hibernia
Sable Island
nickel
constructed;
NFL
12%
37
Q

Megaprojects in Atlantic Canada:
Problems for regional development:

  1. A ____(large/little) labour force during construction. A _____(large/little) force is needed to run.
    o Resource hinterlands in Atlantic Canada lose “_____” effect to industrial areas
    Sometimes take place on government ______ ______.
A

large; little
spinoff
crown Lands

38
Q

Atlantic Canada Agriculture:
Agriculture is ______ (plentiful/limited).
Less than __% of land in the Maritimes is arable. Arable land is the lowest in _______ and ______ . [provinces] ==> less than 0.1%

Agriculture still contributes to the economy of Atlantic Canada

•2005, $1 billion. Mostly _______ [crop]

A

limited;
5%

potatoes

39
Q

Which province leads the agricultural sector of Atlantic Canada?

A

PEI

40
Q

Atlantic Urban Geography:

It consists of _____ (many/few) large cities.
Also has many small isolated _______[location] villages.

A

few;

coastal

41
Q

Atlantic Urban Geography

Interior is relatively empty, exceptions are _____ towns.

A

mining

42
Q

Atlantic Urban Geography

______ is the largest Atlantic Canadian city. It is the 13th largest in Canada. It dreams of becoming a superport for North America (because of huge Panamax ships, and _____ at the West Coast ports.

A

halifax

delays

43
Q

Atlantic Urban Geography:
Halifax and _______ [city] are experiencing growth, mostly due to offshore ___ [resource] and other developments.

Atlantic Canada is experiencing a Rural-to-urban ______.

A

St. Johns
oil
movement

44
Q

Atlantic Canada’s urban Geography:

A strong out migration from ___ [province] and ____ [province] to other parts of Canada
• Future is brightest for ________[province] (highest population) and for Halifax a metropolitan area.

A

Newfoundland; Labrador

Nova Scotia

Geog 202 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions