Chapter 9: Atlantic Canada Flashcards
the settlement and economic development of the Atlantic region does seem to be influenced by the environment. This is described by the term: Environmental _____________.
Determinism
Newfoundland has been dependent upon the ____[fish] fishery for four hundred years. What attempts have been made to diversify this economy?
- Production from the huge ____ deposit
- ______ [city] harbour = oceanic container trade
- Atlantic _______: resource royalties and equalization payments.
cod;
nickel
Halifax
Accord
Newfoundland’s Production from the huge nickel deposit has 2 LNG (______) facilities. this makes Newfoundland an ______ hub for E. North America.
a. LNG: link between gas-producing countries (N. Africa, and Middle East) and the energy deficient market of New England
b. __________ LNG was the first LNG terminal in Canada. Send out 1 billion cubic feet of natural gas per day to Canada/US.
liquid nitrogen gas
energy
Canaport
• The Federal Government has been very influential in the Atlantic. Can you identify what these influences were and are? (e.g., DREE, DRIE, etc.)
FTA & WTO - helped stimulate economy by allowing better access to US market
DREE - offered incentives to encourage companies to locate in Atlantic Canada
Highway , school, and municipal service construction.
TAGS - Closed cod fisheries and helped relocate and retrain workers because of dismal stocks .
DRI -
Atlantic Canada has a Struggling/subpar economy due to exploitation and exhaustion of its _______
resources
Atlantic Canada has Rural to Urban movement, and has Strong _____(out-/in-) migration.
out-migration
Atlantic Canada has Net out migration to other faster growing regions within Canada.
The 4 reasons are:
1. _________ division = transportation costs = discouraged companies
2. _____ and iron are exhausted & cod is overexploited
3. Series of _____ (large/small) internal markets
4. Far distance from Canada’s major ______
Geographic;
coal;
small
markets
Atlantic region contains ___% of Canadian Aboriginal population.
Aboriginal: 2.4%
Atlantic Canada is resource hinterland based on ____, ______, and ______.
(FFM)
fish; forests; minerals
pg 415 bone
Atlantic Canada’s physical geography suffers from Geographical _________.
fragmentation
Atlantic Canada contains what physiographic regions? and where?
Maritimes and Newfoundland = Appalachian Uplands
Labrador = Canadian Shield
The Appalachian Uplands within the maritimes and Newfoundland have a rugged costline with _____/_______ terrain.
hilly/mountainous
The Canadian shield within Labrador have a scarce _____ land, fjord _______, rugged interior, and is mountainous.
arable; fjord
Atlantic Environmental Challenges
Overexploitation of the cod fishery, due to _________ advances and mismanagement
technological
Atlantic Environmental Challenges
• ______[city] Tar Ponds: These are located in ________[province]. these are a higher risk of _____[disease], being cleaned and this is an improvement
Sydney; Nova Scotia; cancer
Historical Geography:
Atlantic Canada has a high quantity of trade with New England. Halifax was the new England post, and ATL was badly hurt when treaty of _______ ended.
reciprocity
Atlantic Canada Today:
Receives half of its revenue from________ payments (which go directly to provincial governments for spending)
equalization
Atlantic Canada’s population has been suffering from a stale growth down to an out-migration to ______ [province] in 2001, and then to [Alberta] in 2006.
Ontario; Alberta
Atlantic Canada’s Population :
Due to lack of economic growth, and the creation of attractive new ____ in other areas of Canada
- Smaller markets will affect local _______
- _______ ambitious people moving to more prosperous regions
- Psychological cost
jobs;
businesses;
younger;
Atlantic Canada has a dispersed population and this makes it harder to build/maintain ________
This was the result of the first settlers establishing isolated fishing outports
transportation
The Atlantic Population and economy were slightly stimulated by the _____ _____ agreement and the WTO. These gave access to the ___ market.
Also the Lower Canadian dollar allowed for greater exports and ______.
FTA
US
tourism
Industrial Structure:
The future of Atlantic Canada lies in the ______ sector, especially _________ industries
(study this)
tertiary
high-tech
Atlantic Canada ‘s Economy:
• The Federal government established DREE (department of _________ __________ _________)
o Offered incentives to encourage ________ to locate in Atlantic Canada
o ________ construction, schools, and municipal services
regional economic expansion;
companies;
Highway;
Atlantic Canada ‘s Economy:
Ottawa closed the cod fisheries in ____ [year] because of dismal stocks. This brought about TAGS (The ______ ______ _______ Strategy.)
1992;
Atlantic Canada Groundfish Strategy
