Chapter 4: Canadian Faces Flashcards
Demography
The statistical study of human populations, including their : size age gender structure distribution density growth and related socio-economic characteristics
Core/periphery model:
mutually beneficial relationship between the periphery and the core. Both parts are dependent on eachother. The core (industrial heratland) dominates the economic relationshp with its periphery (resource hinterland) and therefore benefits the most.
The _____ (industrial heartland) dominates the economic relationship (c/p model) with its _______ (resource hinterland) and therefore benefits the most.
core; periphery
Core/heartland: where economic _____, ______, and wealth are concentrated.
power; population
Periphery/hinterland: graphic area based on _______ development that supplies the heartland with many primary products.
resource
What are the 3 primary factors for Canada’s growth in the last 140 years:
- Immigration
- Natural Increase (was first for 100y)
- Territorial expansion
Canada averages __ ppl/sq km
4 people/sq km
___% of Canada’s pop. is in Ontario and Quebec = Strong _____ force
62 ; political
___% of Canada’s pop. live in cities and towns (because: _______ opportunities and ease of access to _______)
80; business; amenities
Canada is moving towards a more ____ (urban/rural) population.
urban
___ caught up to Ontario in 2001 (both 84.7% urban pop)
BC
Demographic Transition theory:
Late pre-industrial: ____ (high/low) birth and death rates.
Canada did or did not have this?
high;
Canada did not
Demographic Transition theory:
Early industrial: _____ (increasing/decreasing) death rates, birth rates still high. Extremely high ______ increase
decreasing; natural
Demographic Transition theory:
Late industrial: ______ (rising/ falling) birth rates. High but declining rate of _____ increase
falling; natural
Demographic Transition theory:
Post-industrial (1980s): ___ (high/low) birth and death rates. Little or no natural increase.
Thus the natural increase was _____.
low;
stable
Immigration is a key factor to Canada’s growth NOW because:
- Increase Canada’s ________.
- Add valuable members to the _______.
- Takes in _______ from oppressive socio-political conditions.
population;
workforce
refuges
___% of Canada’s population growth comes from immigration.
70%
RNI (rate of natural increase) is projected to be 0 in ______ (what year?)
2025
Most of Canada’s immigrants came from ______ (what continent?) from 1961-1980
Europe
Most of Canada’s immigrants came from ______ (what continent?) from 1980-2001
Asia
Most immigrants move to the ____ (urban/rural) areas: over half live in ______ (which province?)
urban;
Ontario;
Over __ million immigrants live in Toronto, ___% of its population
2million; 42%
Includes which provinces?
Core region:
ontario & Quebec
Includes which provinces?
Upward Transitional Region
BC & Western Canada
Includes which provinces?
Downward Transitional
Atlantic Canada
Includes which provinces?
Resource Frontier
Territorial North
_______ and _______ are starting to evolve into a Core Region due to their rapidly growing capital, economy, and population. Moving from ______ development into manufacturing and service activities
Alberta; BC; resource
Define “Site:”
Site- the actual location of a settlement, composed of the physical characteristics- climate, landforms etc.
Site:
Great Lakes/St. Lawrence Lowland: ample precipitation, _____ (long/short) growing season, and _______(fertile/barren) soils
Would this site be suitable for agriculture?
What role(s) do the waterway’s play in this site?
long; fertile;
yes
The waterway’s provide great access to Europe and other countries
Define “Situation:”
location of a place relative to its surroundings and other places
Is this an example of SITE or SITUATION?
A region is close to the industrial heartland of the US allowing for great trade.
situation
Under the ________ Policy: high tariffs were imposed on ______ (imported/exported) manufactured goods, which caused manufacturing in Southern Ontario to ______(halt/flourish).
National; imported ;flourish
The _______ _______ provided the motivation (framework) that established the national industrial core in Southern Ontario.
National Policy
Ontario goods can reach the US in a matter of ______ (days/hours/weeks) by truck.
hours
“____-in-___” production system helps both Canada and US flourish.
Just-in-Time
$___ billion daily exports to the US from Ontario
1.7
There is stress on the market because of tightened security. this is due to ______. (sept 11)
terrorism
Automobile trade between _____ and Detroit counts for ___% of Canada’s trade with the US
Windsor; 30%
FTA (Free Trade Agreement): integrated between which countries?
Canada & US
Tariffs between Canada/US are decreasing _____ (faster/slower) under NAFTA than the WTO
faster
_______ gives Canadian manufacturing firms an opportunity to adjust to the new North American market before being exposed to the world trade.
NAFTA
The ____ (trade) links Canada and the US economies closely
Does this mean that they necessarily share the same fate?
FTA
yes
Close proximity to America’s manufacturing belt, which led American industries to locate _____ plants in Canada.
branch
Hudson Bay company and North west company joined as one company in ___
1823
