Chapter 5: Ontario Flashcards
Ontario used to be largest % _____ (urban/rural) Population (caught by BC in 2001) (84.7)
urban
Ontario contains ___% of Canada’s Pop. (2006)
38.9%
____% of GDP of Canada
39.4%
What 2 things have helped facilitate Ontario’s economic development:
1.
2.
Central location in Canada
Close to US heartland
4 natural resources of Ontario: WAMF
water, agriculture, mineral, forests
Great Lakes provide low-cost water ______
transport
Ontario has low cost hydroelectric power from ____ ____ (what place?) *famous
Niagara Falls
What physical geographic areas does Ontario occupy?
Hudson Bay Lowlands
Canadian Shield
Great Lakes/St. Lawrence Lowlands
__% live in Southern Ontario (12 million)
93
Southern Ontario (Great Lakes/St. Lawrence Lowland): ample percip, long growing season , and fertile soils = most productive agricultural land in Canada.
Does Quebec have longer or shorter growing seasons?
shorter
Canadian Shield = Northern Ontario: No/little agriculture .
Would this be northern or southern Ontario?
Why is the agriculture so small?
Northern;
because crops are vulnerable to frost damage.
What are the environmental challenges common to industrial regions?
air & water pollution
Garbage: Toronto exports it to a site in _____
Michigan
Ontario tried shutting down ____ plants to reduce smog, but resulted in energy _______
coal, shortages
Ontario is In the process of ______ (reducing/ introducing) them with other clean air alternatives: natural gas, solar, hydro, increase nuclear power energy output
introducing
Over 35 million people from the US and Canada rely on the ____ _____. (body of water)
great lakes
Many industries, factories, agricultural runoff containing chemical fertilizers, and waste water containing detergents. these pollute the _____ ____ and they are getting worse.
great lakes
Within the great lakes: there is careless introduction of exotic ______ (lampreys, Asian carp… etc) are replacing ______ species and changing the ecosystems.
exotic, native
In Ontario: primary activities and manufacturing occurs in the _____ (north/south).
north
In ontario: secondary/tertiary activities and manufacturing are concentrated in the _____ (north/south)
south (great Lakes region)
Manufacturing in Ontario accounts for almost ____ (1/2, 1/4,/ 3/4, all) of the manufacturing jobs in canada.
1/2
Ontario is the leading producer of ______ in 2004 in North America.
automobiles
Ontario produced ____-2.6 million cars/truckers / year in 2000-5. ___% of production in N. America
2.5 ; 14
____ Pact, 1965: eliminated the tariffs on parts/vehicles between US/Canada
Auto
During the Auto Pact in 1965: Automobile plants would stay ___ (open/closed)
open
The Auto Pact allowed them to _______ in a few types of cars and supply them to the North American market
specialize
The Auto Pact: ____ (reduced/increased the price of cars for Canadian consumers.
reduced
Ontario has a strong hold on auto production due to what 3 reasons:
Higher productivity in Canada then the US (comparative advantage)
Lower Canadian dollar
Healthcare costs are covered by the Ontario government rather than the company.
Northern Ontario’s population is getting older or getting younger?
N. Ontario has a net out-migration and few _______.
older
immigrants
In N. Ontario, _____ , forestry, and _____ are the major activities.
mining , tourism
• The Canadian shield in N. Ontario have gentle slopes and ____ (do/do not) support hydroelectric developments.
do not
N Ontario is a _______ (upward/downward) transitional region.
downward
In N Ontario: The best mineral/timber resources have been exploited, making it more _____ (cheap/costly)
costly
Depressed prices for lumber = mills ______ (opening/closing) in N. Ontario
closing
Companies introduce more technology = ____ (more/fewer) workers
fewer
Most robust primary activity in northern Ontario, due to high values of ___, _____, and ______, allowing mines to operate at full production
gold; nickel ; copper
In N Ontario, $__ billion of products each year, ___% exported to the US, mostly ______ (what type of wood?)
15, 60%, softwood
Boreal barrens (HBLl) ____ (more/less) productive, and boreal forest region ____ (more/less) productive
less
more
N Ontario: Just behind BC, and Quebec in volume of acquired _____
wood
N Ontario is the Leading exporter of __________ to the US (most companies/factories in Northern Ontario are _____ [Canada/US] owned)
newsprint
US
In Ontario: 9.5 million people, nearly __% of Ontario’s population live in towns/cities
85
___ of the 25 largest cities in Canada are in Ontario (mostly in ______ Ontario)
10
Southern
The Golden Horseshoe consists of :
Western end of lake _______. »_space; US border at _____ _____»_space; to Hamilton»_space; Toronto»_space; ______
Ontario; Niagara Falls; Oshawa
Toronto is the financial _____ of Canada, and is the _______ industry hub.
capital; entertainment
In _____, Toronto lost 1 billion due to ______ breakout (loss of tourism, etc)
2003, SARS
In 2001 Toronto gained over 2 million immigrants __% of population
44
Most immigrants to Ontario are from what Continent?
Asia
Ontario is the national ________ from the rest of Canada
hinterland
Ontario needs to maintain its roles as a _________ core, and its capacity to manufacture within N. American market (measured by its _____ industry)
manufacturing; auto
______ Policy- caused manufacturing in So Ontario to _____ (halt/flourish)
National; flourish
Some of the dangers in Ontario are:
- declining ______ market.
- Manufacturers have _____ (high/low) competition, _____ (rising/lowering) Canadian dollar, must reduce labor costs or ______.
- _____ crisis
- health problems from ____
- settling of outstanding Indian land _____ .
declining high; rising; relocate energy smog claims
Define : - stony point reserve taken to serve as a military training camp, not returned afterwards.
This is an example of what type of problem for Ontario?
Ipperwash conflict
settling outstanding indian Land claims
