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Oral Pathology - My deck > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

What term describes clinical alterations involving variable fungiform papilla?

A

Transient lingual papillitis

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2
Q

What are the 3 forms of transient lingual papillitis?

A

Localized, generalized and diffuse, papulokeratotic variant

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3
Q

What is localized transient lingual papillitis?

A

When one to several fungiform papilla are involved

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4
Q

Where does localized transient lingual papillitis occur?

A

Usually anterior dorsal tongue

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5
Q

What is generalized transient lingual papillitis?

A

When a large percentage of fungiform papilla are involved

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6
Q

Where does generalized transient lingual papillitis commonly occur?

A

Tip and lateral dorsal tongue

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7
Q

What is generalized transient papillits associated with?

A

Fever and lymphadenopathy

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8
Q

What is diffuse transient lingual papillitis?

A

When a large number of affected papilla

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9
Q

What is different about diffuse transient lingual papillitis?

A

It is asymptomatic

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10
Q

What is the treatment for all 3 forms of transient lingual papillitis?

A

All 3 forms resolve without therapy, but for symptomatic forms (localized and generalized), topical steroids may reduce pain or duration

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11
Q

What is one of the most common oral mucosal pathoses?

A

Recurrent aphthous ulcerations

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12
Q

What is the cause of recurrent aphthous ulcerations?

A

No universal etiology, but it seems to be an allergy or immune dysfunction of some sort

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13
Q

Where do recurrent aphthous ulcers occur?

A

Occur exclusively on movable mucosa (EXCEPT in immunocompromised patients)

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14
Q

What are the 3 clinical variations of recurrent aphthous ulcerations?

A

Minor (85%)
Major (10%)
Herpetiform (5%)

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15
Q

In what age population does recurrent aphthous ulcerations occur?

A

Occur in younger patients

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16
Q

What is the most common form of recurrent aphthous ulcerations?

A

Minor RAU

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17
Q

At what age does minor recurrent aphthous ulceratiosn commonly occur?

A

Occurs in childhood

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18
Q

What is the duration of minor recurrent aphthous ulcerations?

A

7-10 days

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19
Q

What do lesions clinically present as in minor recurrent aphthous ulcerations?

A

Lesions present as erythematous macules followed by a central yellow-white, removable fibrinopurulent membrane

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20
Q

How big are minor recurrent aphthous ulcers?

A

Less than 1 cm

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21
Q

How many lesions per episode occur with minor recurrent aphthous ulcerations?

A

1-5 lesions per episode

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22
Q

What form of recurrent aphthous ulcerations occurs more in adolescents, are larger, and have a longer duration?

A

Major recurrent aphthous ulcerations

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23
Q

What is the duration of major recurrent aphthous ulcerations?

A

2-6 weeks

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24
Q

How big are major recurrent aphthous ulcers?

A

1-3 cm, so they may cause scarring

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25
Q

How many lesions per episode occur with major recurrent aphthous ulcerations?

A

1-10 lesions per episode

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26
Q

What tissues are commonly involved in major recurrent aphthous ulcerations?

A

Labial mucosa, soft palate, tonsillar fauces

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27
Q

What form of recurrent aphthous ulcerations has the highest number of recurrences and lesions?

A

Herpetiform recurrent aphthous ulcerations

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28
Q

In what age population does herpetiform recurrent apthous ulcerations occur?

A

Occurs more commonly in adults, and more commonly in females

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29
Q

How big are herpetiform recurrent aphthous ulcerations?

A

1-3 mm

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30
Q

How many lesions per episode occur with herpetiform recurrent aphthous ulcerations?

A

Up to 100 lesions per episode

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31
Q

What is the duration of lesions in herpetiform recurrent aphthous ulcerations?

A

7-10 days

32
Q

Which form of recurrent aphthous ulcers are said to be most painful?

A

Herpetiform recurrent apthous ulcerations

33
Q

What is the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcerations?

A

Minor cases receive treatment, but if patient present with multiple recurrences, many lesions or intense pain, a topical corticosteroid can be prescribed (but can result in a yeast infection)

34
Q

What term describes a chronic, recurrent immune mediated disease with oral aphthous like ulcerations, ocular inflammation, genital ulcers and skin lesions?

A

Behcet’s syndrome

35
Q

What is an additional common complaint associated with Behcet’s syndrome

A

Joint pain (arthralgia, enlarged joints)

36
Q

Where is Behcet’s syndrome common?

A

Turkey, Japan, East Mediterranean

37
Q

What is the treatment for Behcet’s syndrome?

A

Systemic and topical steroids

38
Q

What term describes a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown cause?

A

Sarcoidosis

39
Q

What population is most commonly affected by Sarcoidosis?

A

African Americans (about 10x more prominent)

40
Q

What organs are most commonly involved in sarcoidosis?

A

Lungs, lymph nodes, skin , eyes, salivary glands

41
Q

What will 90% of chest X-rays show in sarcoidosis?

A

Granulomas - like TB

42
Q

What term describes chronic, purple, indurated skin lesions assoicated with sarcoidosis?

A

Lupus pernio

43
Q

What term describes the scattered, non specific, tender, red nodules on lower legs associated with sarcoidosis?

A

Erythema nodosum

44
Q

What 2 syndromes are associated with Sarcoidosis?

A

Lofgren’s syndrome, Heerfordt’s syndrome

45
Q

What are the 3 parts associated with Lofgren’s syndrome?

A

Erythema nodosum, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, arthralgia

46
Q

What are the 4 parts associated with Heerfordt’s syndrome?

A

Parotid enlargement, inflammation of the eye, facial paralysis and fever

47
Q

How is sarcoidosis diagnosed?

A

Elevated serum angiotensin-converting enzyme levels, and a chest x-ray. Kveim test is not longer used.

48
Q

What is the treatment and prognosis of sarcoidosis?

A

60% resolve spontaneously in 2 years, corticosteroids if patients have progressive disease, 5-10% succumb to disease (organ failure)

49
Q

What term describes non-tender, persistent swelling of the face?

A

Orofacial granulomatosis

50
Q

What term describes when only the lips are involved in orofacial granulomatosis?

A

Cheilitis granulomatosa

51
Q

What tissue is most commonly involved in orofaical granulomatosis?

A

Lips are most commonly involved

52
Q

What syndrome is associated with orofacial granulomatosis?

A

Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome

53
Q

What are the 3 parts associated with Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome?

A

Cheilitis granulomatosa, facial paralysis, fissured tongue

54
Q

Is the granulomatous inflammation associated with orofaical granulomatosis caseating or non-caseating?

A

Non caseating

55
Q

What term describes a condition withe necrotizing granulomatous leisons of the respiratory tract, necrotizing glomerulonephritis and systemic vasculitis or small arteries and veins?

A

Wegener’s granulomatosis (Classic form)

56
Q

If untreated, Wegener’s granulomatosis can rapidly involve which organ system?

A

Renal involement, which is the most common cause of death

57
Q

How is limited Wegener’s granulomatosis different from the classic form?

A

Upper respiratory tract is involved, with no renal lesions

58
Q

How is superficial Wegener’s granulomatosis different from the classic form?

A

Lesions occur primarily on the skin and mucosa

59
Q

What term describes the oral lesions associated with Wegener’s granulomatosis?

A

Strawberry gingivitis

60
Q

Strawberry gingivitis is typically an ______ manifestation of Wegener’s granulomatosis.

A

An early manifestation of Wegener’s granulomatosis

61
Q

How is Wegener’s granulomatosis diagnosed?

A

Indirect immunofluorescence detects presence of antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies

62
Q

What are the 2 types of antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies and which one is more useful?

A

Perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies, and cytoplasmic antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (c-ANCA is more useful)

63
Q

What is the treatment and prognosis for Wegener’s disease?

A

If untreated, 10% 2 year survivial, Tx = steroids but 30 % relapse… chance of curing is higher is caught early and treated

64
Q

What term describes an allergic reaction to cinnamon causing sloughing, and ulcers?

A

Contact stomatitis from cinnamon

65
Q

What products are most commonly associated with contact stomatitis?

A

Candy, chewing gum, toothpaste (usually sodium lauryl sulfate)

66
Q

What ingredient is usually the cause of contact stomatitis from cinnamon and why does it cause a reaction?

A

Cinnamaldehyde, it is 100x more concentrated that the natural spice

67
Q

How do clinical presentations vary based on the cause of contact stomatitis?

A

Toothpaste will cause a more diffuse form of contact stomatitis while gum/candy will cause a localized form of contact stomatitis

68
Q

How is contact stomatitis treated?

A

No treatment, sings and symptoms disappear withing 1 weeks of discontinuation

69
Q

What term describes diffuse, painless edematous swelling of the soft tissues?

A

Angioedema

70
Q

What is another name for angioedema?

A

Quincke’s disease

71
Q

What is the cause of angioedema?

A

It is a IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction (mast cell degranulation= histamine release)

72
Q

Where does angioedema commonly occur?

A

On the extremities

73
Q

What is the treatment for allergic angioedema?

A

Oral antihistamine therapy (IM or IV in severe cases)

74
Q

Diffuse involvement of angioedema in the head and neck can be caused by ______ _____ _____.

A

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (such as Lisinopril, which is medication for HTN/chronic heart failure)

75
Q

In what population is angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor associated angioedema more common?

A

4x more common in African American than Caucasians

76
Q

How is angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor assoicated angioedema treated?

A

Avoiding all medications in this class of drugs, monitor swelling. Does not respond will to antihistamines, but some respond to C1-INH concentrate

Oral Pathology - My deck (22 decks)

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