Chapter 4 Flashcards
What term describes gingival inflammation and erythema most commonly attributable to hypersensitivity?
Plasma cell gingivitis
What is another name for plasma cell gingivitis?
Allergic gingivostomatitis
In plasma cell gingivitis, patients usually experience a ______ _____ of sore mouth
Rapid onset. This is usually a very acute response
What is typically a common cause of plasma cell gingivitis?
Hypersensitivity to cinnamon (big red chewing gum, cinnamon candies)
What term describes an isolated patch of exteriorized sulcular epithelium?
Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperlasia
What is the cause of localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia?
It is idiopathic
What does localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia clinically present as?
A small bright red velvety or papillary alteration that often bleeds easily upon manipulation
Where does localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia usually occur?
Maxillary anterior facial gingiva
In what age group does localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia usually occur?
Usually under 20, with the median age of 12 (Juvenile is in the name)
How is localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia treated?
Excision or Laser
What term describes gingival epithelium that spontaneously sloughs off or can be removed with minor manipulation?
Desquamative Gingivitis
It is important to remember than desquamative gingivitis is a ________ diagnosis. Not a _______ diagnosis
Desquamative gingivitis is a clinical diagnosis, not a pathological diagnosis
What is need to determine the cause of desquamative gingivitis?
A biopsy. Always get a biopsy
What are the 5 common differential diagnoses of desquamative gingivits ?
Lichen Planus Mucous membrane pemphigoid Pemphigus vulgaris Systemic lupus erythematosis Hypersensitivity
How can one tell the difference between plasma cell gingivitis and desquamative gingivitis?
Desquamative gingivitis is a chronic condition, that usually occurs in adults. Patients will usually have had this condition for a long time. Also, this condition is associated with recession.
What term describes an abnormal growth of gingival tissues secondary to use of systemic medications?
Drug related gingival hyperplasia
What systemic medications commonly induce drug related gingival hyperplasia?
Cyclosporine
Phenytoin
Nifedipine
What is cyclosporine used for?
Transplant therapy
What is phenytoin used for?
Anticonvulsant
What is Nifedipine used for?
Calcium channel blocker
What term describes a slow progressive gingival enlargement caused by a collagenous overgrowth of the gingival fibrous connective tissue?
Gingival fibromatosis
What are other common findings associated with gingival fibromatosis?
Hypertrichosis, generalized aggressive periodontitis, epilepsy, mental retardation, growth hormone deficiency
What are some clinical problems associated with gingival fibromatosis?
Poor esthetics, retention of deciduous teeth, malocclusion, inadequate lip closure, difficulty eating and speaking
What term describes inflammation of the gingival tissues and attachment apparatus of the tooth?
Periodontitis
What term describes an inflammatory process that arises within the tissues, surrounding the crown of a partially erupted tooth?
Pericoronitis
What term describes tissue that is partially covering the occlusal surface of a tooth?
Operculum
Which teeth are most commonly affected by pericornitis?
Mandibular 3rd molars
What syndrome is caused by a mutation and loss of function of the cathepsin C gene?
Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome
What are the oral and dermatologic manifestations of Papillon-Lefevre syndrome?
Accelerated periodontitis and Palmar plantar keratosis
What immune cell is affected in Papillon-Lefevre syndrome?
Neutrophils
Which bacteria is the cause of the accelerated periodontitis in Papillon-lefevre syndrome?
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
What term describes a condition characterized by a very foul odor, blunted papilla and a gray psuedomembrane?
Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis
Which bacteria are commonly associated with necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis?
F. nucleatum, P. intermedia, P. gingivalis, Treponema species
Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis usually occurs with _________ _____.
NUG usually occurs with physiologic stress
