Chapter 9 Flashcards
Heat exhaustion
Heavy perspiration
Inadequate fluid and electrolyte intake
Heat exhaustion symptoms
HA
Weakness
N&V
Temp not up
Heat exhaustion tx
Ice packs
Sports drinks
No salt tablets
Heat stroke— emergency!
Body temp 104
High mortality rate
Excertional heat stroke
Not used to heat Confusion Seizures coma Skin: hot, dry or wet Low BP Tachypnea Elevated troponins Organ failure
No excertional heat stroke
Elderly
No air conditioning
Heat stroke tx
ABCs Strip away clothing Ice in groin, axils, cold water Internal cooling Iced lavage Benzodiazepines I&O ICU
Heat stroke complication
Organ dysfunction Renal impairment Liver impairment Coagulopathy Pulmonary edema Cerebral edema Increase troponins
Brown recluse bite
Red white and blue
Will sluff off
Brown recluse hospital care
Topical antiseptic/ sterile dressing
Antibiotics?
Skin graft?
Wound culture
Brown recluse pre hospital
Cold compress
Elevate
Loxoscelism
Brown recluse systemic
Brown recluse loxoscelism
Fever Chillls Kidney failure Hemolytic anemia Thrombocytopenia DIC Death
Bees and wasps stinger removal
Ice pack
Tweezer
Credit card
Bees and wasps hospital care
Oxygen Cardiac monitor IV fluid ACLS drugs Epi Albuterol Antihistamine Steroids
Flash over phenomenon
Current goes over body rather than through it
More likely if wet
Produces feather like pattern
Lightening injury priorities
Cardiac
Defibrillation is best chance
Burns are secondary
Lightening injury prehospital
CPR. 12 lead
Burns
Skeletal- ICP? Hemorrhage
Tentanus
Hypothermia
Less than 95F or 30c
Mild hypothermia
90-95F
32-35c
Moderate hypothermia
82.4-90F
28-32c
Severe hypothermia
82.4
28
Mild hypothermia symptoms
Shivering Dysarthria Decrease muscle coordination Impaired cognition Cold diuresis
Drink
Warm fluids
Increased carbs
NO ETOH or caffeine
After drop
Drop in temp after rewarming
Cold is sent internal
Warm body first
Moderate hypothermia symptoms
Muscle weakness Apathy Loss of coordination Incoherence Stupor Decreased clotting
Severe hypothermia
Bradycardia Hypotension Decrease respiration Cardiac dysrhythmias Decrease neuro Decreased pain responsiveness Acid-base imbalance
Rules for hypothermia
No one is dead until they are warm and dead
May be found in VFIB or asystole
Treatment of hypothermia
ABC
Active external and internal rewarding
Defibrillation and medications in hypothermia
Defibrillation may not work until temp is above 30c
Medication with caution- can develop toxic levels
Frost bite risk factors
Decreased insulation. Wet clothing Dehydration Low BMI Previous Hx Already has impaired vascular system
Appearance of frost bite
White, waxy
Care of frost bite
Recongnition Rapid rewarming Analgesic IV rehydration Strike dressings Tetanus Antibiotics NO RUBBING NO DRY HEAT
Water temp for frost bite
104-108
Drowning and near drowning
Prevent
ABC
Spinal injury?
Drowning causes of asphyxiation
Laryngospasm
Surfactant washed out
Water quality
