Cardio Vocab- Test 1

Question 1

Systole

Answer 1

Contraction and emptying

Question 2

Diastole

Answer 2

Relaxation and filling

Question 3

Cardiac index

Answer 3

CO X body surface area

Normal: 2.7 to 3.2

Question 4

Starlings law

Answer 4

The more the heart fills during diastole, the more forcefully it contracts

Question 5

Hypercapnia

Answer 5

10 times stronger than hypoxia

Question 6

Hydrostatic pressure

Answer 6

Gravity- delays venous return when upright

Question 7

Dyspnea on exertion

Answer 7

Early sign of HF, may be the only sign for women

Question 8

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Answer 8

Develops after lying down for several hours

Heart cannot compensate increase venous return

Question 9

Claudication pain

Answer 9

Usually relieved by testing or lowering affected extremity to decrease demand

Question 10

Anasarca

Answer 10

Generalized edema

Question 11

Postural hypotension

Answer 11

Decrease of more than 30 in systolic or 10 in diastolic

Increase HR

Question 12

Paradoxical blood pressure

Answer 12

Exaggerated decrease in systolic pressure by more than 10 while breathing in

Question 13

Pulse pressure

Answer 13

Difference between systolic and diastolic pressure

Indirect measure of cardiac output

Question 14

Ankle brachial index

Answer 14

Vascular status of lower extremities

Normal 1.00 or higher

Question 15

S1

Answer 15

Closure of mitral and tricuspid valve

Question 16

S2

Answer 16

Closing of aortic and pulmonic valves

Question 17

Paradoxical splitting

Answer 17

Abnormal splitting of S2

Question 18

S3

Answer 18

Ventricular gallop

Question 19

S4

Answer 19

Atrial gallop

Question 20

Troponin

Answer 20

Myocardial muscle protein

Question 21

Creatine kinase

Answer 21

Enzyme specific to brain, heart and skeletal muscle
Female 30-135
Male 55-170

Question 22

Myoglobin

Answer 22

Earliest marker
Not specific to cardiac
<90

Question 23

Homocysteine

Answer 23

Amino acid that is produced when proteins break down

Question 24

HsCRP

Answer 24

Inflammation

>3 increase risk for heart disease (smoking)

Question 25

Microalbuminuria

Answer 25

Protein in the urine