Cardiac Valve Flashcards
Stenosis
Tightness or calcified where the opening is narrowed not allowing all the blood to be ejected
Regurgitation
Valves are weak or do not close tightly allowing blood to flow backwards
Assessment
Rheumatic fever Strep throat Scarlet fever IV drug abuse Endocarditis CXR Murmurs in areas APETM
Left sided
Aortic, mitral Pulmonary congestion Palpations Syncope LV failure Decreased output
Pulmonic and tricuspid failure
Right sided
Cyanosis
Peripheral edema
Hepatomegaly
Non surgical management
Rest-balance with activity. Group care!!!!
Diuretics
Decrease preload
Beta blockers
Decrease contractility
Digoxin
Increase contractility
Oxygen
Increase cardiac O2
Nitrates
Use cautiously in patients in aortic stenosis
Decrease cardiac output
Surgical management
Balloon valvulopasty
Direct commissurotomy cutting loose the valve
Replacement——gold standard
Mitral valve annuloplasty— temporary
Mechanical valve
Ball and cage
Tilting disc
Younger patient
Always have anticoagulant
Can hear the click
Biological tissue value
Short term anticoagulation
Lasts 10-12 years
Surgery is done if
Severe valvular insufficiency - 1 cm or less (stenosis)
