Chapter 9 Flashcards
The planning of motor movements seems to be the primary responsibility of neural circuits in the __________.
prefrontal cortex
The sequencing of movements is handled by neurons located primarily in the __________.
premotor cortex
Which is NOT a type of motor cortex organization as proposed by Graziano?
a. the part of the body to be moved
b. the duration of the movement
c. the spatial location to which a movement is directed
d. the function of the movement
B. The duration of the movement
In Evarts’s experiment, when are neurons in the wrist region of the motor cortex inactive?
a. when the monkey prepares to flex its wrist
b. when the monkey flexes its wrist
c. when the monkey has more weight to move with its wrist
d. when the monkey brings its wrist back to the starting position
D. when the monkey brings its wrist back to the starting position
“Mirror neurons” got their name because they discharge
a. only when a monkey sees another monkey or human make a movement.
b. when a monkey makes a movement or sees another monkey or person make that movement.
c. only when a monkey can see itself making a movement.
d. contralateral to the side of the body that makes the movement.
B. when a monkey makes a movement or sees another monkey or person make that movement.
The degenerative disorder associated with little or no position sense, a poor sense of passive movement, and a failure of muscle coordination is called __________.
Friedreich’s ataxia
Axons of the __________ pathway cross over to the opposite side of the spinal cord at the level of the pyramids of the brainstem.
a. corticobulbar
b. ventral corticospinal
c. lateral corticospinal
d. all of the above
C. lateral corticospinal
The technique used by Roland to investigate how the neocortex produces movements was __________.
cerebral blood flow
The lexicon of individual motor movements is contained in the __________.
a. premotor cortex
b. posterior cortex
c. primary motor cortex
d. prefrontal cortex
C. primary motor cortex
The flocculus is part of the __________.
cerebellum
Which does NOT appear to be part of the role of the cerebellum?
a. adjusting movements from moment to moment
b. timing movements
c. maintaining accuracy of movements
d. coordinating movements of multiple limbs
D. coordinating movements of multiple limbs
An important dopaminergic projection to the basal ganglia comes from neurons in the __________.
substantia nigra
Damage to neural circuits in the __________ is responsible for the symptoms of Huntington’s chorea.
caudate putamen
Which of these neurons project to muscles?
a. extensor neurons
b. interneurons
c. corticospinal neurons
d. pyramidal neurons
A. extensor neurons
