Chapter 9 Flashcards
Social protection measures (floors)
Measures that are put in place to prevent individuals and families from suffering from poverty as a result of a crisis or other unexpected event. They include healthcare, income security for children, those who become sick or disabled and the elderly.
Define global health
The health of populations in a worldwide context that goes beyond the perspectives and concerns of individual countries. Global health is about an international collaborative approach to achieving equity in health for all people worldwide.
Sustainability
meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
Food security
when all people can obtain nutritionally adequate, culturally appropriate, safe food regularly through non-emergency sources.
Sanitation
Sanitation refers to the safe disposal of human urine and faeces, as well as the maintenance of hygienic conditions through garbage collection and the disposal of wastewater.
Gender equality
gender equality refers to the situation where women and men have the same level of power and control over all aspects of their lives
Health
‘A complete state of physical, social and mental wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.’ (WHO, 1946)
Human development (broken down)
CREATING AN ENVIRONMENT THAT ASSISTS PEOPLE TO:
- develop their full potential
- lead productive, creative lives
IT IS ABOUT:
- expanding people’s choices
- enhancing capabilities
THROUGH:
- having access to knowledge, health and a decent standard of living
- participating in the life of the community
- participating in decisions effecting their lives
Human development meaning
‘Creating and environment in which people can develop to their full potential and lead productive, creative lives according to their needs and interests. It is about expanding people’s choices and enhancing capabilities (the range of hinge people can be and do), having access to knowledge, health and a decent standard of living, and participating in the life of heir community and decisions effecting their lives.’
Sustainable human development meaning
A process of people striving to achieve their full potential, lead productive lives, expand their choices and meet their needs without compromising the opportunities for future generations.
Eg. Over fishing, old Forrest logging and over reliance on oil and its products…
Economic sustainability
The capacity of future generations to earn an income and the efficient use of resources to allow economic growth over time. Developing countries often experience low levels of economic sustainability.
Social sustainability
Relates to the future generations having the same or improved access to social resources such as human rights, political stability and education. In developing countries there are often low levels of social sustainability
Environmental sustainability
Relates to ensuring the natural environment is utilised in a way that will preserve resources into the future. Human activities should use natural recourses only at a rate that allows these resources to replenish for future generations. In developing countries this is often a challenge, as many of these countries often exploit their natural environment as a means of generating income and facilitating trade.
What organisation is responsible for developing the SDGs?
The United Nations development program (UNDP)
What is the timeframe for the SDGs?
There is 169 targets to achieve by 2030
What are the 3 objectives of the SDGs?
- end extreme poverty
- fight inequality and injustice
- tackle climate change
What is SDG 1 and why is it important?
No poverty: end poverty in all its forms
This goal is important as Poverty is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality rates in developing countries. Poverty is about deprivation. When individuals and families are poor, they are unable to purchase food, clothing, shelter, healthcare and education. Those living in poverty lack opportunities to participate in making decisions that affect their lives and that of their community.
What is SDG 2 and why is it important?
Zero hunger: end hunger , achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
This goal is important…
- to help continue the decrease in undernourishment
- good nutrition is essential for health and optimal growth
- hunger and malnutrition are the biggest contributors to child mortality, causing 45% of the 6.3 million preventable deaths in children under 5.
Define malnutrition
When there is a lack of specific nutrients required for the body to function effectively
Define under nutrition
When people do not have enough food to meet their daily energy requirements
What is SDG 3 and why is it important?
Good health and wellbeing: ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing for all at all ages.
This goal is important because even though there has been significant improvements in reducing mortality, U5 and maternal mortality rates and also mortality rates from other diseases, much more needs to be done to ensure everyone is able to live a healthy life. As global life expectancy has increased, non communicable diseases have become major health issues affecting all regions of the world…
Which communicable conditions are a specific focus of SDG 3?
- AIDS
- Tuberculosis
- malaria
- hepatitis
- water borne diseases
- tropical diseases
What is SDG 4 and why is it important?
Quality education
It is important because there is still…
- 124 million children and youth not enrolled
- 250 million children haven’t leant basic skills
- 30 million displaced children
- only 50% of working aged women were employed compared to 77% of men
What is SDG 5 and why is it important?
Gender equality: achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
Educating and empowering women and girls not only boosts their chances of getting a job, staying healthy and participating in society, but also has a significant impact on the health of their children.
Educating women results in…
- falling fertility rates and stable population growth
- a mothers income has 20 times more impact on a child’s survival than a fathers
- fewer and healthier children
- more immunised children
What is SDG 6 and why is it important?
Clean water and sanitation: ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
It is important as millions of people globally lack access to clean, safe water and sanitation, resulting in preventable illnesses and high mortality rates, particularly among women.
Water scarcity, poor water quality and inadequate sanitation negatively impacts food security, livelihood choices and ability to earn income and educational opportunities for developing countries.
Drought effects many countries
Linked to hunger and malnutrition
What is the acronym for the SDGs
New - no poverty Zealand's - zero hunger Good - good health and wellbeing Quality - quality education Gas - gender equality Cooks - clean water and sanitation Decent - decent workplace and economic growth Pizzas - peace, justice and strong institutions
What is SDG 8
Decent work and economic growth: promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
What is SDG 16
Peace, justice and strong institutions: promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.
What is an example of a program focusing on literacy?
‘We bloom’ program in Cambodia
- CARE Australia - non gov org
- Gives them skills and confidence to access jobs
- literacy and numeracy classes
What is an example of a program focusing on food security?
Project Peanut Butter
- introduced by dr.manary in 1999
- ready to use therapeutic food
- peanuts, powdered milk, vegetable oil, sugar and vitamins/minerals
What is an example of a program focusing on HIV/AIDS?
‘Far away from home’ club
- Vietnam - job movement causes exposure
- educators provide info and skills that reduce the likelihood of exposure to HIV/AIDS and other STDs
What is an example of a program focusing on malaria?
Nothing But Nets
- every 60 seconds a child dies from malaria
- money goes towards nets to cover the beds of African families, acting as a barrier between them and the disease carrying mosquitos.
- $10 difference between life and death
What is an example of a program focusing on safe water and sanitation?
Developing wells and pumps in Niger
- drought in Niger and Africa
- 10% of people have access to safe drinking water
- deep wells with pumps to get the water
