Chapter 9

Question 1

In order to distinguish between wavelengths independent of light intensity, one must have at least ______visual pigment(s).

Answer 1

two

Question 2

Which of the following is behavioral support for the “opponent-process theory”?

Answer 2

color afterimages

Question 3

Uchikawa et al. demonstrated how _________ can explain why color constancy occurs.

Answer 3

chromatic adaptation

Question 4

By changing _______, we can create about a million (or more) discriminable colors.

Answer 4

saturation, intensity, and wavelength

Question 5

Two stimuli that are physically different, but are perceptually identical, are called

Answer 5

metamers

Question 6

The trichromatic theory of color vision is also known as the _________ theory.

Answer 6

Young-Helmholtz

Question 7

Researcher Dorthea Jameson is quoted in the text as saying “A blue bird would not be mistaken for a goldfinch if it were brought indoors.” This supports the concept of

Answer 7

color constancy

Question 8

Cerebral achromatopsia is when a person

Answer 8

has normal cone functioning, but can not experience color due to a brain injury

Question 9

Which of the following was NOT an opponent mechanism proposed by Hering?

Answer 9

Blue (+); Green (-)

Question 10

Blue and yellow paints mixed together yield

Answer 10

green

Question 11

When light is mixed it is referred to as _______

Answer 11

an additive color mixture

Question 12

The trichromatic theory of color vision states that color perception is due to

Answer 12

the pattern of activity in three different receptors

Question 13

Adding more white to a color changes the color’s

Answer 13

saturation

Question 14

Physiological evidence shows that deuteranopes do not have the _____ wavelength cone pigment.

Answer 14

long

Question 15

Which of the following is phenomenological support for the “opponent-process theory” of color vision?

Answer 15

color afterimages, visualizing color combinations, simultaneous color contrast

Question 16

The major theories of color vision were first proposed

Answer 16

in the 1800s, based on behavioral evidence only

Question 17

The maximum absorption for the long-wavelength cone pigment is at ____ nm.

Answer 17

531

Question 18

The reflectance curve for a purple piece of paper would

Answer 18

reflect long and short wavelengths

Question 19

The neutral point for protonopes is approximately ___ nm.

Answer 19

492

Question 20

A monkey with good color vision

Answer 20

would have a better chance of surviving than a color-blind monkey

Question 21

The reflectance curve for a white piece of paper would

Answer 21

reflect long, medium and short wavelengths equally

Question 22

Newton’s quote of “The Rays …are not colored” means that

Answer 22

colors are created by our perceptual system

Question 23

Cerebral achromatopsia is when a person

Answer 23

has normal cone functioning, but can not experience color due to a brain injury

Question 24

The reflectance curve is a plot of the light reflected off a surface as a function of

Answer 24

wavelength

Question 25

If you look at a folded index card though a pinhole, you see the border as a(n) ________ because the card looks _______.

Answer 25

reflectance edge; flat

Question 26

A monochromat experiences

Answer 26

black, white, and grays

Question 27

Which of the following statements is TRUE about dichromatism?

Answer 27

Males are more likely to be dichromats than females

Question 28

Ikya looks at a white surface under sunlight conditions and she perceives it to be white. When she looks at the white surface under a tungsten light, it looks ______ to her.

Answer 28

white

Question 29

Which of the following is a finding that demonstrates the phenomenon of memory color?

Answer 29

Participants perceive a 620-nm pattern as being “redder” if that pattern has the shape of a stop sign rather than a mushroom shape