Chapter 9 Flashcards
Social Structure Theories of Crime II: Social Disorganization and Subcultures
The development of the Chicago School of criminology emphasized what to improve societal conditions?
Collaborative efforts
By the late 1800s, which city was made up largely of non-English-speaking citizens?
Chicago
Who claimed that city growth follows basic ecological principles?
Robert E. Park
The term “eminent domain” in urban sprawl means what?
Reassigning land from commercial to residential use
The center circle of Burgess’s zone model is what Zone?
Zone 1
According to Burgess, Zone II is known as the…?
Zone in transition
Shaw and McKay’s theory states that social disorganization is caused by what?
Physical dilapidation, poverty, and heterogeneity
Which concept is most relevant to heterogeneity in urban areas?
a mix of diverse cultural backgrounds
In social disorganization theory, crime increases in areas with…?
Transient residents and unemployment
What is the main critique of Shaw and McKay’s theory?
social disorganization was not properly measured.
Which theorists are associated with concentric zones?
Ernest Burgess and Robert E. Park.
What is a critique of cultural theories of crime?
No large group blatantly denies middle-class norms
Cultural theories often emphasize behaviors learned through…?
subcultural norms.
According to Walter Miller, which focal concern motivates street racing?
excitement
What term describes minor, infrequent offending before one is caught?
primary deviance
