Chapter 7

Question 1

Who developed the controversial concept of psychoanalysis, founded on the perception of resistance used by individuals when therapists attempt to make them conscious of their unconscious?

Answer 1

Sigmund Freud

Question 2

What is considered a warning of looming danger or a painful experience and results in the individual attempting to fix the situation.

Answer 2

Anxiety

Question 3

Delinquency is considered what when it results in antisocial behavior?

Answer 3

Manifest

Question 4

Who examined adolescents struggling to discover their own ego identity while negotiating, learning, and understanding social interactions, as well as developing a sense of morality and right and wrong?

Answer 4

Erik Erikson

Question 5

What is a subconscious domain of the psyche that is responsible for our innate desires and drives, such as libido?

Answer 5

id

Question 6

In addition to the id, ego, and superego, anxiety, ______, and the unconscious are also key principles of Freud’s psychoanalytical perspective.

Answer 6

defense mechanisms

Question 7

August Aichhorn attempted to use psychoanalysis to uncover the unconscious motives of who engaging in delinquent behavior?

Answer 7

juveniles

Question 8

What evolves during individual development when restrictions, mores, and values of society are learned?

Answer 8

superego

Question 9

According to Eysenck, for neurotics, the biological link is in the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system, which involves what?

Answer 9

fight and flight reactions

Question 10

Individuals with high psychoticism are characterized as being…?

Answer 10

aggressive

Question 11

According to Kohlberg, what level of morality involves designating what is considered “right” and “wrong” according to those in authority; rewards and punishments are key components?

Answer 11

preconventional

Question 12

A central feature of Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory is that moral development occurs in what?

Answer 12

stages

Question 13

According to Kohlberg’s stages of moral development, which stage would believe in punishments based on “an eye for an eye; a tooth for a tooth?”

Answer 13

Stage 2

Question 14

When faced with the Heinz Dilemma, an individual might decide that it is morally right to steal the medicine for his wife because preserving life is of utmost importance. Such an individual is at which Stage of moral development?

Answer 14

6

Question 15

What attachments are enduring and persistent, and can sometimes last throughout a person’s life?

Answer 15

Duration