chapter 9

Question 1

Task demands

Answer 1

stressors associated with the task itself.

Question 2

Physical demands

Answer 2

stressors associated with the job setting

Question 3

Role demands

Answer 3

role conflict or role ambiguity that people can experience in groups

Question 4

psychological contract

Answer 4

expectations of what workers will contribute to the organization and what the organization will provide in return

Question 5

contributions

Answer 5

What the individual provides to the organization

Question 6

inducements

Answer 6

What the organization provides to the individual

Question 7

Person–job fit

Answer 7

The extent to which the contributions made by the individual match the inducements offered by the organization

Question 8

“Big Five” personality traits

Answer 8

Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness

Question 9

Agreeableness

Answer 9

A person’s ability to get along with others

Question 10

Conscientiousness

Answer 10

The number of things a person can effectively work on at one time

Question 11

Neuroticism

Answer 11

Extent to which a person is poised, calm, resilient, and secure

Question 12

Extraversion

Answer 12

A person’s comfort level with relationships

Question 13

Openness

Answer 13

A person’s rigidity of beliefs and range of interests

Question 14

Locus of control

Answer 14

The degree to which a person believes that their behavior has a direct impact on the consequences of that behavior

Question 15

Self-efficacy

Answer 15

An individual’s beliefs about their capabilities to perform a task

Question 16

authoritarianism

Answer 16

The extent to which a person believes that power and status differences are needed for organizations

Question 17

Machiavellianism

Answer 17

Behavior directed at gaining power and controlling the behavior of others

Question 18

Self-esteem

Answer 18

The extent to which a person believes that he or she is a worthwhile and deserving individual

Question 19

cognitive dissonance

Answer 19

Caused when an individual has conflicting attitudes

Question 20

Organizational commitment

Answer 20

An attitude that reflects a person’s identification with and attachment to the organization itself

Question 21

Organizational engagement

Answer 21

The extent to which an employee sees themselves as part of the organization

Question 22

Selective perception

Answer 22

The process of screening out information that we are uncomfortable with or that contradicts our beliefs

Question 23

Attribution

Answer 23

The process of observing behavior and attributing causes to it

Question 24

general adaptation syndrome

Answer 24

alarm, resistance, exhaustion

Question 25

Type A

Answer 25

Individuals who are extremely competitive, very devoted to work, and have a strong sense of time urgency

Question 26

Type B

Answer 26

Individuals who are less competitive, less devoted to work, and have a weaker sense of time urgency

Question 27

creative process

Answer 27

preparation, Incubation, insight, verification

Question 28

Workplace behavior

Answer 28

A pattern of action by the members of an organization that directly or indirectly influences organizational effectiveness

Question 29

Performance behaviors

Answer 29

The total set of work-related behaviors that the organization expects the person to display

Question 30

Organizational citizenship

Answer 30

The behavior of individuals that makes a positive overall contribution to the organization

Question 31

Dysfunctional behaviors

Answer 31

Those that detract from, rather than contribute to, organizational performance