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Intro to Communication Disorders > chapter 9 > Flashcards

chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

The major portion of the hard palate is formed by the maxillae.

A

True

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2
Q

The hard palate is also known as the velum

A

false

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3
Q

the velopharyngeal mechanism helps close the nasal port

A

True

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4
Q

Native Americans have an incidence of cleft palate that is among the highest.

A

True

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5
Q

Clefts of the lip are more frequently seen in females than in males

A

False

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6
Q

the two palatal shelves are totally separated

A

complete cleft palate

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7
Q

the hard and the soft palate are normal

A

clefts of the primary palate

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8
Q

is a means of reducing hypernasality and involves raising a band of tissue front eh pharyngeal wall and attaching it to the velum

A

pharyngeal flap surgery

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9
Q

Children with clefts have the greatest difficulty with

A

consonants that require the buildup of intraoral air pressure

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10
Q

In compensatory articulation, the child tries to

A

produce sounds in unusual ways

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11
Q

one in ____ newborn babies shows structural abnormalities of the upper lip, hard palate, or both.

A

750

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12
Q

A cleft on one side is ____________, and one on both sides is __________

A

unilateral

bilateral

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13
Q

The audible leakage of air through the nose during the production of non-nasal sounds is called _________ _______

A

nasal emissions

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14
Q

In the Veau Wardill Kilner surgical procedure, the cleft is surgically closed and the palate is _________

A

lengthened

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15
Q

An _________ is an artificial device that helps close the cleft.

A

obturator

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16
Q

normal maxilla and lip.the two palatal shelves did not fuse

A

cleft of the secondary palate

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17
Q

abnormalities of the skull and face

A

craniofacial anomalies

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18
Q

facial clefts are a part of _________ anomalities

A

craniofacial

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19
Q

abnormalities of the face and mouth

A

orofacial anomalies

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20
Q

openings that pass through one or more structures that are normally closed

A

clefts

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21
Q

refers to an opening in the soft and the hard palate

A

cleft palate

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22
Q

causes of clefts

A

genetic factors

environmental factors

23
Q

greater frequency of clefts of the palate in ________

A

females

24
Q

greater frequency of clefts of the lip in _______

A

males

25
Q

the greater frequency of clefts of both the lip and the palates in ________

A

males

26
Q

environmental factors that affect cleft palate

A

maternal alcoholism
maternal B6 vitamin dificiencies
cortisone, valium, dilantin and other drugs taken during pregnancy
radiation during the early days of pregnancy
rubella and influenza
maternal obesity

27
Q

what is the most potent cause of clefts and other congenital abnormalities

A

cocaine

28
Q

a combination of genetic predisposition and certain environmental causes produces the final effect

A

multifactor theory (interactionist theory)

29
Q

a cleft on one side of the nose

A

unilateral cleft

30
Q

a cleft on both sides of the nose

A

bilateral

31
Q

the selves are partially fused

A

incomplete cleft

32
Q

palate appears normal because the tissue covering the palate hides a cleft of the hard palate, soft palate or both.

A

submucous cleft

33
Q

the patient’s speech is _______ in many cases of submucous cleft of the hard palate.

A

normal

34
Q

a condition in which hte velopharyngeal mechanism is not adequate to achieve velopharyngeal closure.

A

congenital palatopharyngeal incompetence

35
Q

nasopharynx is too deep or the hard palate is too short.

muscles are of adequate bulk but still do not function to close the velopharyngeal port

A

congenital palatopharyngeal in competences

36
Q

Because of the cleft int he palate flood and fluids tend to find their way into the nasal cavity.

A

Feeding problems

37
Q

children with palatal clefts tend to suffer from ______ media and ________ hearing loss.

A

otitis

conductive

38
Q

children with clefts of the alveolar ridge tend to have more dental problems than do children with cleft of the hard and soft palates only

A

True

39
Q

Most common dental abnormalities

A 
malocclussions
insufficient growth of teeth and gum tissue
cross bite
protruding premaxillla
growth of extra teeth
40
Q

Language disorders of children with clefts

A 
slow acquisition of language
smaller and less varied vocabulary
shorter and simpler sentences
limited spontaneous speech
delayed answers to questions
grammatical errors
41
Q

errors of articulations and the resulting problem of intelligibility

A

speech disorders

42
Q

speech disorders of children with clefts

A

distorted speech sounds
omissions of speech sounds
substitution of speech sounds
nasal emissions

43
Q

Because of velopharyngeal inadequacy, children with clefts tend to show the following kinds of reasonance or voice problems:

A

hypernasality
hoarseness
weak or to soft voice

44
Q

THe cleft palate team includes

A 
plastic surgeon
speech language pathologist
dentist orthodontist 
otologist
audiologist
psychologist
pediatrician
social worker
educational specialists
45
Q

goals of surgery

A

medical treatment
improved appearance
and better communication

46
Q

_______ surgery is done when the baby weights 10 lbs and is 10 weeks old and has a hemoglobin count of 10 gm before he leaves the hospital

A

lip

47
Q

the initial surgeru done to close the cleft

A

primary surgery

48
Q

surgery to repair the palatal clefts is done early _____ to _____ months or late between _____ to _____ months

A

6-15

15-24

49
Q

the cleft is surgically closed, but there may be no lengthening of the palate

A

von langenbeck procedure

50
Q

cleft of the soft palate is first repaired and later the cleft of the hard palate is repaired

A

schweckendik procedure

51
Q

objective instruments that help evaluate voice and resonation include the following:

A 
nasometer
cineradiography
videofluoroscopy
ultrasound
endoscopy
52
Q

targets of articulation treatment for children with repaired clefts include the foloowing:

A

directing the flow of air out of mouth instead of the nose
producing speech with less force
making gentle contact of articulators
opening the mouth wider during speech production

53
Q

In reducing hypernasality,the clinicial develops practice trials starting with the ______ nasal sounds and moving on to the ______ nasal soudns.

A

least

most

Intro to Communication Disorders (11 decks)

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