Chapter 9 Flashcards
I olfactory nerve
sensory nerve
receives sensory information about smell
II optic nerve
sensory nerve
receives sensory information about vision
III oculomotor nerve
motor nerve
eye movement
IV trochlear nerve
motor nerve
eye movement
V trigeminal nerve
sensory nerve
receives sensory information about facial sensation
motor nerve
chewing
VI abducens nerve
motor nerve
eye movement
VII facial nerve
sensory nerve
receives sensory information about taste
motor nerve
facial movement and saliva/tears production
VIII vestibulocochlear nerve
sensory nerve
receives sensory information about hearing and balance
IX glossopharyngeal nerve
sensory nerve
receives sensory information about taste
motor nerve
swallowing and releases saliva
X vagus nerve
sensory nerve
receives sensory information about taste as well as ear, chest, and abdomen sensation
motor nerve
carries motor commands to heart rate, bronchi, and peristalsis
XI accessory nerve
motor nerve
carries motor commands to the muscles involved in swallowing and the vocal cords and neck movement
XII hypoglossal nerve
motor nerve
carries motor commands to move the tongue
Astrocytes
cells with branches that radiate outward like a star
astr/o- star like structure
-cyte cell
Ependymal cells
cells that line the ventricles of the brain and narrow, central canal within the spinal cord; they produce cerebrospinal fluid
Microglia
cells that move throughout the tissues of the brain and spinal cord
they engulf and destroy dead cells and pathogens
Oligodendroglia
cells that provide structural support
Schwann cells
cells that produce myelin that is around the larger axons of neurons in the cranial nerves and spinal nerves
Acetylcholine
neurotransmitter between neurons of the parasympathetic division
Dopamine
neurotransmitter in the brain between neurons in the cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, midbrain, and limbic system
produced by the substantia nigra of the midbrain
Endorphins
neuromodulators in the brain between neurons in the hypothalamus, and brainstem
one of several pain relievers
Epinephrine
hormone secreted by the adrenal gland and released into the blood
stimulates neurons in the sympathetic division during times of anxiety, fear, or anger to prepare the body for “fight or flight”
Norepinephrine
neurotransmitter of the sympathetic division
also found between neurons in the cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord
Serotonin
neurotransmitter between neurons of the limbic system, hypothalamus, and cerebellum in the brain and in the spinal cord
Autonomic nervous system
division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the contractions of involuntary muscles
Central nervous system (CNS)
division of the nervous system that consists of the brain and the spinal cord
Nerve
bundle of individual neurons
Nervous system
body system that consists of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, and spinal nerves
includes the central nervous system as well as the peripheral nervous system and its further divisions
Neural tissue
specialized tissue of the nervous system that can conduct electrical impulses
Neuroglia
type of neural tissue whose cells perform specialized tasks that assist neurons in doing their work
types: astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglia, oligodendroglia, and Schwann cells
Neuron
an individual nerve cell, which is the functional unit of the nervous system
