Chapter 4 Flashcards
Cardiopulmonary
pertaining to the heart and lungs
Respiratory system
structures of the upper respiratory system include the nose, nasal cavity, and pharynx (throat),
lower respiratory includes the larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, and thorax
Mucosa
mucous membrane that lines most of the respiratory system
Nasal cavity
hollow area inside the nose
Nasal septum
divides the nasal cavity into right and left sides
Pharynx
throat
Turbinates
scroll-like projections of bone covered by mucous membrane on either side of the nasal cavity
aka nasal conchae
Alveolus
hollow sphere of cells in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide gas molecules are exchanged
Apex
rounded top of each lung
Bronchiole
small tubular air passageway that branches off from a bronchus and then branches into several alveoli
Bronchus
tubular air passageway supported by cartilage rings
Bronchial tree includes…
trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles
Bronchopulmonary
refers to the bronchi and the lungs
Cilia
small hairs the move in waves to take mucus and foreign particles toward the throat to be expelled by coughing or to be swallowed
Epiglottis
lid-like structure that seals off the opening to the larynx, so that swallowed food goes into the esophagus and not the trachea
Hilum
indentation on the medial side of each lung where the bronchus, pulmonary arteries, and pulmonary veins enter and exit the lung
Larynx
structure that contains the vocal cords and is a passageway for inhaled and exhaled air
Lobe
large division of a lung, whose dividing line is visible on the lungs outer surface
Lumen
central opening through which air flows inside the trachea, bronchus, or bronchiole
Lung
spongy, air-filled structures that contain alveoli
Parenchyma
functional part of the lung as opposed to the connective tissue framework
Surfactant
compound that reduces surface tension and keeps the walls of the alveoli from collapsing with each exhalation
Trachea
tube supported by c-shaped rings of cartilage
air passageway between the larynx and the bronchi
aka windpipe
Diaphragm
sheet of skeletal muscle that divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity