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Medical Terminology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

List the medical language skills

A
  1. Reading medical words
  2. Hearing others speak medical words
  3. Thinking, analyzing, and understanding medical words
  4. Writing and spelling medical words
  5. Speaking and pronouncing medical words
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2
Q

Define Etymology

A

the study of word origins

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3
Q

Greek nouns singular to plural

A

-is = -ides
-nx = -nges
-omg = -omata
-on = -ices

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4
Q

Latin nouns singular to plural

A

-a = -ae
-us = -i
-um = -a
-is = -es
-ex = -ices

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5
Q

Characteristics of word parts

A
  1. Combining Form (foundation of a medical word, gives main medical meaning)
  2. Suffix (word ending, modifies or clarifies medical meaning)
  3. Prefix (optional word beginning, modifies or clarifies medical meaning)
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6
Q

Define Anterior

A

toward the front (ventral)

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7
Q

Define Posterior

A

toward the behind (dorsal)

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8
Q

Define Proximal

A

near point of attachment

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9
Q

Define Distal

A

away from point of attachment

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10
Q

Define Medial

A

toward the middle

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11
Q

Define Lateral

A

toward the side

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12
Q

Define Cephelad

A

toward the head (superior)

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13
Q

Define Cephelad

A

toward the head (superior)

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14
Q

Define Caudad

A

toward the feet (inferior)

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15
Q

What does the cranial cavity contain

A

brain, cranial nerves, related structure

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16
Q

What does the spinal cavity contain

A

spinal cord, spinal nerves, related structures

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17
Q

What does the thoracic cavity contain

A

heart, lungs, other structures

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18
Q

What does the abdominal cavity contain

A

stomach, small intestine, large intestine, spleen, gall bladder, liver, pancreas, kidneys

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19
Q

What does the pelvic cavity contain

A

large intestine, uterus, bladder, some of the male genitalia, other structures

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20
Q

Define LUQ

A

left upper quadrant

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21
Q

Define RLQ

A

right lower quadrant

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22
Q

Define LLQ

A

lower left quadrant

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23
Q

Define RUQ

A

right upper quadrant

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24
Q

Dermatology body system

A

integumentary system

25
Q

Gastroenterology body system

A

gastrointestinal system

26
Q

Pulmonology body system

A

respiratory system

27
Q

Cardiology body system

A

cardiovascular system

28
Q

Hematology body system

A

blood

29
Q

Immunology body system

A

lymphatic system

30
Q

Orthopedics body system

A

skeletal system and muscular system

31
Q

Neurology body system

A

nervous system

32
Q

Urology body system

A

urinary system

33
Q

Male reproductive medicine

A

male genitourinary system

34
Q

Gynecology body system

A

female genital

35
Q

Obstetrics body system

A

female reproductive system

36
Q

Endocrinology body system

A

endocrine system

37
Q

Ophthalmology body system

A

eyes

38
Q

Otolaryngology body system

A

ears, nose, throat

39
Q

Dentistry interest

A

teeth

40
Q

Dietetics interest

A

diet and nutrition

41
Q

Geriatrics interest

A

older persons

42
Q

Neonatology interest

A

newborn babies with medical problems

43
Q

Oncology interest

A

cancer

44
Q

Pediatrics interest

A

children

45
Q

Pharmacology interest

A

drugs

46
Q

Psychiatry interest

A

mind and emotions

47
Q

Radiology interest

A

x-ray, sound waves, and other forms of radiation

48
Q

Congenital disease

A

caused by an abnormality in the fetus as it develops or caused by an abnormal process that occurs during gestation or birth

49
Q

Degenerative disease

A

caused by the progressive destruction of cells due to disease of the aging process

50
Q

Environmental disease

A

caused by exposure to substances in the environment
ex: breathing problems from smoking

51
Q

Genetic disease

A

caused by a mutation in a persons genes and chromosomes during fetal development

52
Q

Hereditary disease

A

caused by an inherited recessive defective gene passed to a child from a parent who carries the defective gene but does not have the disease

53
Q

Hospital-acquired infection

A

caused by exposures to a disease-causing agent while in the hospital environment. aka nosocomial infection

54
Q

Iatrogenic disease

A

caused by medicine or treatment that was given to the patient

55
Q

Idiopathic disease

A

having no identifiable or confirmed cause

56
Q

Infectious disease

A

caused by a pathogen (disease-causing microorganism)

57
Q

Neoplastic disease

A

caused by the growth of either a benign or malignant mass or tumor

58
Q

Nutritional disease

A

caused by a lack of nutritious food

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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