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History of Psychology > Chapter 9-10 > Flashcards

Chapter 9-10 Flashcards

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1
Q

The central concept on Wundt’s voluntarism was:

A

will

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2
Q

To study the higher mental processes, Wundt believed that we must use

A

naturalistic observation of various forms

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3
Q

Titchener defined ____ as the accumulated experiences of a lifetime

A

the mind

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4
Q

Ebbinghaus was the first to study

A

learning and memory as they occurred

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5
Q

Which of the following questions raised by the Wurzburg school contributed to the downfall of structuralism

A

all of these choices

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6
Q

As evidence for his views on verbal communication, Wundt pointed out that we remember ____ and not ____.

A

meanings; specific words

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7
Q

Wundt’s concept of mental chronometry is

A

an accurate cataloging of the time it took to perform various mental acts

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8
Q

Wundt’s tridimensional theory of feeling

A

Pleasant-unpleasant
Excitement-calm
Strain-relaxation

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9
Q

Titchener formed “The Experimentalists” because

A

he believed the APA was too friendly towards applied topics

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10
Q

To study mental acts and intentionality, Brentano used

A

phenomenological introspection

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11
Q

Who applied the notion of evolution to all the universe?

A

Herbert Spencer

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12
Q

Inclusive fitness

A

Expands “fitness” to include any behaviour that helps other creature with same genes survive

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13
Q

Who formulated a theory of evolution similar to Darwin’s at about the same time that Darwin formulated his own theory

A

Wallace

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14
Q

Goddard, along with several leading scientists of the day, believed that feeble-minded individuals should

A

not be allowed to reproduce

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15
Q

Act psychology (who/what)

A

Brentano:deals with interaction between mental processes and physical events
ex. Love something, judge something

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16
Q

Brentano thought introspection should examine ____ rather than _____

A

Function rather than elements

17
Q

was Wundt closer to rationalism or empiricism?

A

Rationalism because of apperception

18
Q

major thrust of voluntarism

A

Mental activity does not have cause, it has purpose

19
Q

fictionalism (who/what)

A

Vaihinger: All reality is fiction that can only be evaluated in terms of its usefulness, though it can still be useful

20
Q

Kulpe’s contribution

A

Mental set, which grants determining set, which allows unconscious problem solving. exposed imageless thought

21
Q

How did Titchner explain meaning in an empiricist way?

A

Context theory of meaning: Associationism causes group of sensations to form a core, and the resulting image is a context which gives meaning

22
Q

Clever hans phenomenon (who/what)

A

Stumpf: performance of intelligent feats by non human animals explained as response to conscious or unconscious cues by trainers

23
Q

Creative synthesis

A

An active-mind version of mental chemistry

the mind can rearrange and synthesis attended stimuli to create new arrangements.

24
Q

What did ebbinghaus demonstrate about Wundt’s theories?

A

That higher mental processes actually COULD be studied experimentally

25
Q

How did Ebbinghaus experiment with higher order processes?

A

Using nonsense material to study learning and memory as they occured

26
Q

Jean Lamark’s main contribution

A

theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics

27
Q

What ideas originated with Herbart?

A

social Darwinism and Spencer-Bain principle

28
Q

Spencer-Bain principle

A

Cornerstone of behaviourism

If pleasant, likely to be repeated, if not, not

29
Q

What were Galton’s thoughts on intelligence?

A

Largely inherited, advocated eugenics, first to study intelligence

30
Q

Who discovered variations in mental imagery ability?

A

Galton

31
Q

What was the primary purpose for binet’s scale?

A

To identify children who could use extra help

32
Q

Was Binet nativist?

A

Not entirely. He thought children could benefit from special attention

33
Q

Mental orthopedics

A

Exercises to strengthen will, attention, and discipline

34
Q

(g)

A

General intelligence described by Spearman

Hereditary

35
Q

Spearman vs Binet on intelligence

A

Unitary vs diverse
Hereditary versus modifiable
Accepted in states vs not

36
Q

Who used twin studies to show heredity of intelligence?

A

Burt

History of Psychology (9 decks)

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