Chapter 11-12

Question 1

Adaptive act

Answer 1

Carr: Behaviour with a need, environmental setting, and satisfying response

Question 2

Who referred to individuals as tender or tough minded?

Answer 2

James

Question 3

Due to Munsterberg’s interests and work, he is known as one of the first:

Answer 3

applied psychologists

Question 4

When studying humans, James felt that:

a. we must use scientific introspection
b. the scientific method is the only method that could yield useful information
c. both the scientific and philosophic approach must be used
d. we must use the deductive rationalistic approach

Answer 4

c. both the scientific and philosophic approach must be used

Question 5

Dewey believed that the goal of education should be to facilitate creative intelligence and

a. prepare children to live effectively in a complex society
b. transmit traditional knowledge
c. obtain a college degree
d. strengthen the reasoning faculty of the mind

Answer 5

a. prepare children to live effectively in a complex society

Question 6

Who coined dynamic psychology?

Answer 6

Woodworth

Question 7

One of McDougall’s major criticisms of Watson’s position was that it

Answer 7

could not account for the most satisfying human experiences

Question 8

Watson, along with most functionalists and behaviorists, believed

a. psychology is experimental and has the purpose of explaining behavior
b. psychology can study mental events in behavioral terms
c. psychology should be useful and applied to improvement in the human condition
d. animal research can only be useful if applied to improvement in the animal condition

Answer 8

c. psychology should be useful and applied to improvement in the human condition

Question 9

What is sentiment?

Answer 9

When something elicits multiple instincts

Mcdougal asserts they determine most human behaviour

Question 10

Who emphasized applied psych?

Answer 10

Munsterberg and functionalists also watson

Question 11

Connectionism

Answer 11

Term for Thorndike’s theory of bonds associating sense impressions and impulses to action

Question 12

Morgan’s canon

Answer 12

don’t explain animal behaviour with a higher psychical faculty when it can be explained with a lower one

Question 13

What did thorndike believe about intelligence?

Answer 13

heritable, education should be stratified

Question 14

Who is considered the first forensic psychologist

Answer 14

Munsterberg

Question 15

Recapitulation

Answer 15

Hall’s theory that child development follows the stages of the species evolution

Question 16

Identical elements theory of transfer (who/what)

Answer 16

Thorndike: Extent to which learning transfers from one situation to another depends on similarity

Question 17

Ideomotor theory of behaviour (who/what)

Answer 17

James: Ideas cause behaviour, so controlling ideas controls behaviour

Question 18

Who was the first industrial psychologist

Answer 18

Munsterberg

Question 19

Describe Munsterberg’s clinical psychology

Answer 19

Treated the symptoms directly with reciprocal antagonism (Strengthening ideas opposite to problem)
Rejected Freud’s method of assessing underlying cause, and rejected subconscious

Question 20

Who exemplified pragmatism in early functionalism?

Answer 20

James

Question 21

What did the law of effect replace?

Answer 21

Law of exercise (law of disuse/use)

Question 22

James radical empiricism (his contention)

Answer 22

All consistent categories of human experience are worth study regardless of whether they can be studied scientifically