Chapter 11-12 Flashcards
Adaptive act
Carr: Behaviour with a need, environmental setting, and satisfying response
Who referred to individuals as tender or tough minded?
James
Due to Munsterberg’s interests and work, he is known as one of the first:
applied psychologists
When studying humans, James felt that:
a. we must use scientific introspection
b. the scientific method is the only method that could yield useful information
c. both the scientific and philosophic approach must be used
d. we must use the deductive rationalistic approach
c. both the scientific and philosophic approach must be used
Dewey believed that the goal of education should be to facilitate creative intelligence and
a. prepare children to live effectively in a complex society
b. transmit traditional knowledge
c. obtain a college degree
d. strengthen the reasoning faculty of the mind
a. prepare children to live effectively in a complex society
Who coined dynamic psychology?
Woodworth
One of McDougall’s major criticisms of Watson’s position was that it
could not account for the most satisfying human experiences
Watson, along with most functionalists and behaviorists, believed
a. psychology is experimental and has the purpose of explaining behavior
b. psychology can study mental events in behavioral terms
c. psychology should be useful and applied to improvement in the human condition
d. animal research can only be useful if applied to improvement in the animal condition
c. psychology should be useful and applied to improvement in the human condition
What is sentiment?
When something elicits multiple instincts
Mcdougal asserts they determine most human behaviour
Who emphasized applied psych?
Munsterberg and functionalists also watson
Connectionism
Term for Thorndike’s theory of bonds associating sense impressions and impulses to action
Morgan’s canon
don’t explain animal behaviour with a higher psychical faculty when it can be explained with a lower one
What did thorndike believe about intelligence?
heritable, education should be stratified
Who is considered the first forensic psychologist
Munsterberg
Recapitulation
Hall’s theory that child development follows the stages of the species evolution
Identical elements theory of transfer (who/what)
Thorndike: Extent to which learning transfers from one situation to another depends on similarity
Ideomotor theory of behaviour (who/what)
James: Ideas cause behaviour, so controlling ideas controls behaviour
Who was the first industrial psychologist
Munsterberg
Describe Munsterberg’s clinical psychology
Treated the symptoms directly with reciprocal antagonism (Strengthening ideas opposite to problem)
Rejected Freud’s method of assessing underlying cause, and rejected subconscious
Who exemplified pragmatism in early functionalism?
James
What did the law of effect replace?
Law of exercise (law of disuse/use)
James radical empiricism (his contention)
All consistent categories of human experience are worth study regardless of whether they can be studied scientifically
