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Ross & Wilson A&P > Chapter 8: Special Senses > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Special Senses Flashcards

1
Q

Pinna

A

Auricle

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2
Q

Hammer

A

Malleus

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3
Q

Incus

A

Anvil

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4
Q

Eardrum

A

Tympanic Membrane

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5
Q

Earwax

A

Cerumen

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6
Q

Stirrup

A

Stapes

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7
Q

Middle Ear

A

Tympanic Cavity

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8
Q

Lobule

A

Earlobe

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9
Q

The pathway through which sounds pass to the middle ear:

A
  1. External Aucoustic Media
  2. Tympanic Membrane
  3. Malleus
  4. Incus
  5. Stapes
  6. Oval Window
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10
Q

The frequency of soundwaves

A

Determines the pitch of sound

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11
Q

In the inner ear

A

The membranous labyrinth lies inside the bony labyrinth

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12
Q

The spiral organ

A

is situated in the cochlear duct

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13
Q

Accomadation

A

The adjustment in the eye required for close vision

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14
Q

Refraction

A

Bending of light rays

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15
Q

Ciliary

A

Muscles that contract causing tightening of the suspensory ligaments for near vision

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16
Q

Lens

A

The structure in the eye that changes its refractory power

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17
Q

Iris

A

The visible colour part of the eye

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18
Q

Rods

A

Light sensitive cells that convert light rays into nerve impulses

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19
Q

Retina

A

Innermost layer of the eyeball adapted for stimulation by light rays

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20
Q

Opthalmic

A

Branch of the carotid artery that supplies blood to the eye

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21
Q

Sclera

A

Layer of the eyeball that provides attachment for the extrinsic ocular muscles

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22
Q

Extrinsic

A

Group of muscles that move the eyeball

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23
Q

The structures through which light waves pass when entering the eye

A
  1. Cornea
  2. Pupil
  3. Anterior chamber
  4. Lens
  5. Virteous body
  6. Retina
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24
Q

Nasolacrimal duct

A

Drains tears into the nose

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25
Q

Lacrimal duct

A

Drains that carry tears to the eyes

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26
Q

Eyebrow

A

Protects the eyeball from sweat and dust

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27
Q

Lacrimal gland

A

An almond-shaped structure located within the frontal bone

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28
Q

Cornea

A

Fine transparent fibres that lines the eyelids

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29
Q

Lysozme

A

An antibacterial enzyme in tears

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30
Q

Meibomian gland

A

Lies within the tarsal plates

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31
Q

Eyelid

A

Associated with the orbicularis oculi and levator palpebrae muscles

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32
Q

The olfactory nerves are

A

The first pair of cranial nerves

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33
Q

Smell stimulates

A

Chemoreceptors

34
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

are found in the roof of the nose

35
Q

Nerve impulse involved in smell pass to

A

The olfactory bulb and then to olfactory tract

36
Q

Perception of smell occurs in

A

The temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex

37
Q

The olfactory tract carries impulses associated with

A

Smell

38
Q

Both olfactory receptors and taste buds are

A

Chemoreceptors

39
Q

A somatic sense would be associated with

A

Pain

40
Q

Taste buds can be found:

A
  1. In the lining of the mouth
  2. On the soft palate
  3. On the tongue
  4. In the epiglottis
41
Q

Cones

A

Eye

42
Q

Perilymph

A

Ear

43
Q

Ossicle

A

Ear

44
Q

Fovea

A

Eye

45
Q

Basilar membrane

A

Ear

46
Q

Suspensory ligament

A

Eye

47
Q

Utricle

A

Ear

48
Q

Ciliary body

A

Eye

49
Q

Hair cells

A

Ear

50
Q

Rods

A

Eye

51
Q

Diplopia

A

Double Vision

52
Q

Hair Cell

A

Spiral Organ

53
Q

Visual Purple

A

Rhodopsin

54
Q

Eyelids

A

Palpebrae

55
Q

Anosmia

A

Loss of smell

56
Q

Vestibule

A

Utricle & Saccule

57
Q

Gustation

A

Taste

58
Q

Olfaction

A

Smell

59
Q

Structure which opens to maintain equal pressure across the tympanic membrane

A

Pharyngotympanic tube

60
Q

Lobe of the cerebral cortex in which the visual area is located

A

Occipital

61
Q

Movement of the eyeballs for near vision

A

Convergence

62
Q

Difficulty in accommodation for near vision that accompanys the ageing process

A

Presbyopia

63
Q

Part of the cochlear that is connected to the round window

A

Scala Tympani

64
Q

Adjustments in the eye required for close vision

A

Accommodation

65
Q

Sensory receptors in muscles and joints

A

Proprioceptors

66
Q

Bending of light

A

Refraction

67
Q

Part of the cochlea that is connected to the oval window

A

Scala Vestibuli

68
Q

Impairment of hearing that often accompanies ageing

A

Presbycusis

69
Q

Lobe of the cerebral cortex in which the taste centre is located

A

Parietal

70
Q

Stye

A

Acute infection of the sebaceous or tarsal glands of the eyelid margins

71
Q

Ostosclerosis

A

Hereditary cause of progressive hearing loss in young adults, especially females

72
Q

Hypermetropia

A

Fairsightedness

73
Q

Astigmatism

A

Blurred vision caused by an abnormal curvature of the lens or cornea

74
Q

Labyrinthitis

A

Complication of middle ear infection that is accompanied by dizziness, nausea and vomiting

75
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsightedness

76
Q

Strabismus

A

Squint

77
Q

Ottismedia

A

Middle ear infection

78
Q

Ulcer

A

Caused by abrasion or infection of the cornea

79
Q

Presbycusis

A

Hearing impairment that accompanyies the ageing process

80
Q

Detachment

A

Painless condition associated with a hole or tear in the retina

81
Q

Retinopathy

A

Visual impairment associated with diabetes mellitus

Ross & Wilson A&P (9 decks)

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