Chapter 8 Section 2 Flashcards
Chemical Equation
Carbon dioxide plus water, light, glucose plus oxygen
Explain what happens in phase 1: light reactions (dependent)
- PHOTOSYSTEM II
- Turns light into heat
- Makes the electrons move faster
- Splits the water between the Hydrogen and the Oxygen
- Oxygen is released as waste
- Hydrogen is split into a E- and a P+
- Proton goes to the thylakoids space
- Electron gets passed on from ps II to in a electron transport chain ps I to ferrodoxin in the thylakoids membrane
- Electron transport- when the electron adapter molecule transfers the electrons along a series of electron carriers to photosystem I
- P+ enters the thylakoid membrane space producing ATP from ADP and turns NADP into NADP+
- Ferrodoxin then transfers the electrons to the electron carrier NADP+
- It forms together turning it to NADPH
Ferrodoxin
(Amon) protein, final electron acceptor, holds onto the electron
Thylakoid
Where light-independent reactions take place, located in chloroplast
Granum
Stack of thylakoids, located in chloroplast
How does atp synthase make atp?
Captures kinetic energy and stores it as the electron goes through and combines with phosphate to make ADP into ATP
What do you need to start photosynthesis?
Light, water, and a plant
What is the result of photosynthesis?
ATP, NADPH, and oxygen
Explain what happens in phase 2: The Calvin Cycle (independent)
- Six carbon dioxide combine with five carbon compounds (RuBP) to form 12 3-carbon molecules called 3-PGA
- The chemical energy stored in ATP and NADPH is transferred to the 3-PGA molecules to form high energy molecules called G3P
- ATP supplies the phosphate groups for forming G3P molecules, while NADPH supplies hydrogen ions and electrons
- This turns the ATP into ADP and NADPH into NADP+
- Two G3P molecules leave the cycle to be used for the production of glucose and other organic compounds
- Rubisco converts the remaining ten G3P molecules into 5-carbon molecules called RuP. The APT turns RuP into RuBP
- These molecules combine with new carbon dioxide molecules to continue the cycle
Calvin cycle
Energy is stored in organic molecules. Light-independent reactions
Calvin cycle reactions =
Light-independent reactions
Carbon fixation
The joining of carbon dioxide with other organic molecules
Rubisco
Enzyme
Stomata
Window, lets carbon dioxide in
What’s the difference between PGA and G3P?
G3P has more energy
