Chapter 2

Question 1

Ecology

Answer 1

The study of life’s interactions with the environment

Question 2

Ecology studies

Answer 2

An organism and how it interacts with its environment

Question 3

Biotic factors

Answer 3

Living factors in an organism’s environment, any specific type of animal or plant

Question 4

Abiotic factors

Answer 4

Non living factors in an organisms environment

Question 5

Abiotic factor examples:

Answer 5

• weather
• air
• sun
• dry dirt
• rocks
• sand

Question 6

6 levels of organization:

Answer 6

1. Organism
2. Population
3. Biological community
4. Ecosystem
5. Biome
6. Biosphere

Question 7

Organism

Answer 7

Single living thing

Question 8

Population

Answer 8

Species specific, where its located, at the same time

Question 9

Biological community

Answer 9

A group of interacting populations that are only biotic

Question 10

Ecosystem

Answer 10

Biological community and everything that is abiotic and biotic that affect it

Question 11

Biome

Answer 11

A group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar types of communities (because of the same weather)

Question 12

Biosphere

Answer 12

Layer around earth where we find life

Question 13

Ecosystem examples

Answer 13

Pasture, creek, woods, in a pond

Question 14

Biome examples

Answer 14

Rainforest, desert, grassland, woodland

Question 15

Ecosystems interactions

Answer 15

Habitat, niche

Question 16

Habitat

Answer 16

Where an organism lives

Question 17

Niche

Answer 17

An organisms role in its environment

Question 18

Community interactions

Answer 18

Competition, predation

Question 19

Competition

Answer 19

When 2 things want the same thing, more serious, life and death

Question 20

Predation

Answer 20

One organism gets their food by killing and eating other organisms

Question 21

Symbiotic relationship

Answer 21

A relationship between two or more species

Question 22

Mutualism

Answer 22

Both organisms benefit

Question 23

Mutualism examples

Answer 23

Bee and flowers, birds and rhino

Question 24

Commensalism

Answer 24

One organism benefits and nothing happens to the other

Question 25

Commensalism examples

Answer 25

Bird and a tree

Question 26

Parasitism

Answer 26

One organism benefits, and the other is harmed, not predation

Question 27

Parasitism examples

Answer 27

Parasites, mosquito, tick, leech

Question 28

Lichens

Answer 28

Relationship between a microscopic producer and consumer

Question 29

Lichen examples

Answer 29

Living on a rock, or bark of a tree

Question 30

Energy in an ecosystem:

Answer 30

Autotrophs (producer), heterotrophs (consumer)

Question 31

Autotrophs

Answer 31

Producer, organism that makes its own food from the sunlight, photosynthesis

Question 32

Autotroph examples

Answer 32

Plants, protist, bacteria

Question 33

Heterotroph

Answer 33

Consumer, organism that gets its energy from consuming other organisms

Question 34

Heterotroph examples

Answer 34

Animals, fungus, protist, bacteria

Question 35

Consumer types

Answer 35

Herbivore, carnivore, omnivore, scavenger, detritivore

Question 36

Herbivore

Answer 36

Organism that eats autotrophs

Question 37

Herbivore examples

Answer 37

Cow, grasshopper, deer

Question 38

Carnivore

Answer 38

Heterotroph that consumes other heterotrophs

Question 39

Carnivore examples

Answer 39

Cat, polar bear, coyote

Question 40

Omnivore

Answer 40

Heterotrophs that consumes other heterotrophs and autotrophs

Question 41

Omnivore examples

Answer 41

Black bear, robin, raccoon

Question 42

Scavenger examples

Answer 42

Possum, raccoon

Question 43

Detritivore

Answer 43

Decomposer, break down dead fragments of matter and return nutrients to the soil, air and water

Question 44

Detritivore examples

Answer 44

Animals, plants, fungus, protist, bacteria

Question 45

Food chain

Answer 45

Flow of energy from one organism to another

Question 46

Trophic level

Answer 46

Each step in a food chain or web

Question 47

Food web

Answer 47

Interconnected food chains

Question 48

Ecological pyramid

Answer 48

A diagram, uses the 10% rule. All start with producers

Question 49

3 types of pyramids

Answer 49

Pyramid of energy, pyramid of biomass, pyramid of numbers

Question 50

Evaporation of surface water, humidity, condensation, precipitation, percolation, transpiration

Answer 50

The water cycle

Question 51

Humidity

Answer 51

Measure of water vapor in the air

Question 52

Condensation

Answer 52

Turning gas into a liquid

Question 53

Runoff

Answer 53

A lot of rain fast, causes erosion

Question 54

Percolation

Answer 54

Rain absorbs into the soil

Question 55

Transpiration

Answer 55

Water moves through a plant using evaporation

Question 56

What percent of humidity comes from surface water?

Answer 56

90%

Question 57

What percent of humidity comes from plants?

Answer 57

10%

Question 58

What percent of earths water is salt water?

Answer 58

97%

Question 59

__% of water is fresh water,__% of that fresh water is frozen.

Answer 59

3, 2

Question 60

Carbon and oxygen cycle

Answer 60

Photosynthesis

Question 61

Carbon and oxygen cycle: long term

Answer 61

Organic matter is converted into fossil fuels

Question 62

Carbon and oxygen cycle: short term

Answer 62

Burning of fossil fuels

Question 63

Nitrogen cycle

Answer 63

Nitrogen fixation, denitrification

Question 64

Nitrogen fixation

Answer 64

When nitrogen is made usable for plants

Question 65

Denitrification

Answer 65

Turning fixed nitrogen compounds back into atmospheric nitrogen

Question 66

Phosphorus cycle

Answer 66

Comes from rocks and minerals

Question 67

Phosphorus: short term

Answer 67

Photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition

Question 68

Phosphorus: long term

Answer 68

Erosion of rocks