Chapter 8: Recruitment, selection and training of employees Flashcards
Circumstances to start recruitment and selection
An employee leaves their job and need to be replaced
New business is starting and needs employees
A successful business is expanding and needs employees.
General cycle of recruitment and selection
Vacancy arises
Analysis
Description
Specification
Job is advertised
Applications and forms are shortlisted
Interviews and selection
Vacancy is filled
What is job analysis
Identifies and records the responsibilities and tasks relating to a job.
What is job description
outlines the responsibilities and duties to be carried out by someone employed to do a specific job.
Example of things included in a job description
Conditions of employment - salary, hours of work, pension schemes, staff welfare
training that will be offered
opportunities for promotion
What is a job specification
Document which outlines the requirements, qualifications, expertise, physical characteristics,
etc., for a specified job.
Example of things in a job specification
level educational qualifications
amount of experience
special skills
personal characteristics
What are the two types of recruitment
Internal
External
What is internal recruitment
When a vacancy is filled by someone who is an existing employee of the business
Advantages of internal recruitment
Quicker and cheaper than external
The person is already known to the business and their reliability, ability and potential are known
The person already knows the organisation, the structure, the expectations, etc
Motivating for other employees to see a co-worker being promoted. May think even they can be promoted
Disadvantages of internal recruitment
No new ideas or experience come into the business
Rivalry among employees for the promotion or job. Could lead to jealousy and adversity
Quality of internal candidates may be low
What is external recruitment
When a vacancy is filled by someone who is not an
existing employee and will be new to the business.
Common ways to advertise job vacancies (external recruitment)
News papers - local and national Online recruitment sites Specialist magazines Recruitment agencies centers run by the government
Criteria for job advertisement
What should be included in the ad
How much advertising should be placed
Advertising cost, if it is within the budget the HR set
Local newspapers (external recruitment)
Advertise job vacancies that don’t require high skill
National newspapers (external recruitment)
For more senior positions and job vacancies, where there are few or no local people that can fill the roll
Specialist magazine (external recruitment)
Helps employ special technical employees
Online recruitment (external recruitment)
Offer the ability to create online job adverts for vacant positions in a business. These can be searched by job seekers through their networks.
Recruitment agencies (external recruitment)
Specialists in recruiting employees. they hold details of qualified people looking for another job and, when a suitable vacancy arises, they will put forward candidates to be interviewed for the job
Job centers (external recruitment)
Place where vacancies, usually for unskilled or semi skilled jobs can be advertised. Details of the vacancy are given to the person(s) interested.
What is job specialisation
Include the ‘must-haves’ and desirables of the job.
Diff between job specialization and description
Description - general overview of the job
Specialisation - other skills of the jobs eg: excel, java, etc
Methods of application to a job
Letter of application
CV or resume
What is a CV
curriculum vitae - summary of the person’s qualifications, skills, experience, and qualities.
Some details a CV should include
Name Address Work experience interests education and qualifications
What should the letter of application include
Why the applicant wants the job
Why the applicant thinks their suitable
Most common method of selection
Interviews
Why is interview a common method of selection
Answers: the applicant’s ability to do the job
» any personal qualities that are an advantage or disadvantage
» the general character and personality of the applicant
in the shortest time frame
Other selection methods included in selection process
Group discussions
skill tests
aptitude tests
personality traits
What is a skill test (selection process)
Help show the ability of the candidate to carry out certain tasks
What is an aptitude test (selection process)
Shows the candidate’s ability to gain additional skills.
What is a group discussion (selection process)
5 candidates sit together and discuss a topic given by the employer present. Helps show how the candidates work in a team, and how they tackle tasks themselves
Who is a part time employee
Work between 1 and 30–35 hours a week.
Who is a full time employee
Work more than 35 hours a week
Adv of part time employees
More flexible work hours - employees can make time for other things such as children - would be fine with lower pay.
Could hire more employees since they cost lesser which results in more ideas.
Reduces business costs
easier to ask employees just to work at busy times
Disadv of part time employees
part-time employees could be less committed - more likely to leave to get another job
more difficult to communicate with part-time employees when they are not in work.
takes longer to recruit two part-time workers than one full-time employee
Adv of full time
More pay (employee)
More experience and exposure
opp of disadv of part time
Disadv of full time
Can get boring
less flexible
costs more (employer)
opp of adv of part time
Why companies train their employees
More efficient
Less accidents, less supervision
Less errors
Reduces labour turn over
3 types of training
Induction
On the job
Off the job
What is induction training
Introduction given to a new employee, explaining
the business’s activities, customs and procedures
and introducing them to their fellow workers.
How long can induction training be
1 day to 3 months
Adv of induction training
Helps employees settle into job quickly
Less likely to make mistakes
Disadv of induction training
Time consuming
Still have to pay them - investment for the company
delays the start of the employee commencing their job.
What is on the job training
A person is trained by being made to watch a more experienced worker performing a task or by using job rotation.
Adv of on the job
Training tailored to the needs of the business
At least some output from the workers when they are being trained
Costs less than off the job
Disadv of on the job
The trainer’s productivity may decrease since they have to show the employee what to do, ans questions, etc
Bad habits may get passed to the employee from the trainer
Might get training qualifications that aren’t recog outside the business
What is off the job training
involves being trained away from the workplace, usually
by specialist trainers.
Examples of off the job
Attending conferences, workshops, etc
Adv of off the job
Learn more
Learn new things outside the organisation
Pick up training qualifications that are recognized by a lot more businesses.
Disadv of off the job
Usually more costly
Risk of employee leaving after the training
OC for the company. could’ve used that money for expansion or something else
What is workforce planning
Establishing the workforce needed by the business for the foreseeable future in terms of the number and skills of employees required
What is resignation
A way for employees to leave the company. Usually do this when there are better opportunities elsewhere
How to reduce employees
dismissal
redundancy
What is dismissal
Is when employment is ended
against the will of the employee, usually for not
working in accordance with the employment contract
When can an employee be dismissed
After a warning, but there is no notice period
What is a redundancy
is when an employee is no longer
needed or the employer can’t retain all the employees and so the employee loses their job. It is not due to any
aspect of their work being unsatisfactory
Diff between redundancy and dismiall
A compensation is paid to employees when a redundancy happens
Compensation could range from 1 week to 6 months worth of salary
Legal action related to employment
Employment contracts Unfair dismissal Discrimination Health and safety Legal minimum wage
What is an employment contract
legal agreement between an employer and
employee which entails the rights and responsibilities of workers.
Things an employment contract can include
Job title name hours to be worked wage rate/salary to be paid holiday entitlement etc
Why an employment contract is important
Makes sure the employers and employees know what is expected of them
Provides security of employment to employee
Allows the employee to seek legally binding compensation if the employer violates the contract
What is unfair dismissal
This occurs when an employer ends a worker’s contract of employment for a reason that is not covered by that contract.
What is an industrial tribunal
is a type of law court that makes judgments on
disagreements between companies and their
employees, for example, workers’ complaints
of unfair dismissal or discrimination at work.
Protection against discrimination in the workplace impacts
Employees are treated fairly
Must treat all applicants for a job equally
