Chapter 8: Plant systems: Gas exchange and transport systems

Question 1

What is an epidermis?

Answer 1

The surface layer of cells in an organism

Question 2

What stomata’s function?

Answer 2

Controls the gases in and out of plants

Question 3

What is stomata?

Answer 3

The opening or pores in an epidermis

Question 4

When do stomata open?

Answer 4

When the guard cells absorb water and become rigid

Question 5

When do they close?

Answer 5

When the guard cells loose water

Question 6

When do stomata open in natural conditions?

Answer 6

They open in daybreak and close at night

Question 7

What factors effect the normality of the stomata?

Answer 7

Water loss, high levels of humidity and decrease in photosynthesis

Question 8

What are xylem?

Answer 8

They are responsible for the transport of water and nutrients. Dead xylem cells make up the woody part of the stems

Question 9

What is Phloem?

Answer 9

They are a type of vascular issue which transport sugars and other plant products.

Question 10

What are the two type of phloem cells?

Answer 10

Sieve tube and companion cells

Question 11

What is taproot?

Answer 11

A root deep underground

Question 12

What is fibrous root?

Answer 12

A thing root in the upper layers of soil

Question 13

How is water pulled up through plants?

Answer 13

Adhesion, cohesion and transpiration pull.

Question 14

What is ahesion?

Answer 14

The attraction of water molecules which makes up the sides of the tube

Question 15

What is cohesion?

Answer 15

Is attraction between water molecules

Question 16

What increased transpiration rates?

Answer 16

High air temperatures, low humidity and long exposure to sunlight

Question 17

What decreases transpiration rates?

Answer 17

Low air temperatures, low humidity and minimal exposure to sunlight

Question 18

How are nutrients obtained and distributed?

Answer 18

Actively transported into root hair, through plasmodesmata, through phloem into xylem and into transpiration stream

Question 19

What mineral ions produce?

Answer 19

Chlorophyll, proteins, carbohydrates and other materials

Question 20

What is sucrose?

Answer 20

Glucose and fructose

Question 21

Can glucose be transported by itself?

Answer 21

No, cytoplasm will digest it

Question 22

How does sucrose move?

Answer 22

Active transport, against the concentration gradient

Question 23

What is the movement of sucrose?

Answer 23

Photosynthesis, into sieve tubes, influx of pressure in phloem moves it to the leaves.