Chapter 8 Outline Flashcards
4 stages of contact
- Age of Exploration
- Trade rivalry
- Government forming new empires
- Decolonization of people who previously lived under European colonial control
Treaty of Utrecht
Establish boundaries of empire
Spain controls South America except Brazil
Bullion
Measurement of wealth
West Indies sold…?
Tobacco Cotton Indigo Coffee SUGAR
Indian trade posts AKA
Factories
Who led the French against the British for the Indian govt.
Joseph Dupleix
Who led the British against the French for the Indian govt.
Robert Clive (victorious)
Legal link to New World and Spain
Castile Crown
Viceroys
Chief executive
Councils
Audencias
Local officers
Corregidores
Casa de Contratacion
Regulate all trade with NW
Cádiz
Only port with American trade
Treaty of Utrecht and War of Spanish Succession led to?
Hapsburg to Bourbon throne (ruling)
Under who is the Casa de Contratacion and Council of a Indies removed?
Charles III
Who made intendants? What are they?
Charles III; Royal bureaucracies
Peninsulares
People born in Spain
Creoles
European descent or born in Spanish colonies
Why did Portuguese enslave Africans?
Ottoman Empire forbade exportation of white slaves from their land
Official event of slavery
1619 Dutch delivered slaves to Jamestown
Center of sugar production
Caribbean islands
Triangular Trade
Africa receives guns from Europe and gives slaves
West Indies receives slaves from Africa and gives sugar
England receives sugar from West Indies and gives guns
Seasoning of new slaves
Preparation of discipline and make sure they know they are no longer free
Shift from religious to racial slavery
Slave trade
War of Jenkin’s ear
British vs. Spain
Parliament prevents Spanish trade intervention with England
War of Austrian Succession
Fredrick II of Prussia takes Silesia
Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
Prussia keeps Silesia
Spain renews British privilege: import slaves in Spanish colonies
Convention of Westminster
Prussia and Britain alliance (Austria’s greatest enemy)
What led to French and Austrian alliance
Fredrick II invades Saxony
Destroy Prussia= goal
What made Prussia a strong power
Treaty of Hubertusburg
Who led Britain to victory
William Pitt the Elder
Treaty of Paris
Pitt replaced by Earl of Bute
Stamp Act
Parliament tax on legal documents
Citizens protest
Act is repealed
Boston Massacre
British troops killed 5 people during protest
Intolerable Acts
Lord North asserts Parliament authority
Who wrote Common Sense
Thomas Paine
Expresses public opinion in favor of separation from Great Britain
When did American Revolution end
George Washington defeats Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown
Commonwealthmen
British political writers
Who wrote Catos letters
John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon
Crticized govt as corrupt
Wilkes and Liberty
Criticized Earl Bute in North Briton and got arrested
Slogan of political radicals
Who organized Yorkshire Association
Christopher Wyvil
Discuss corruption of Parliament
Parliament forced Lord North to form ministry with who
Charles James Fox
