chapter 8 notecards Flashcards
no longer the leading cause of morbidity and mortality as the turn of the century
due to improvements of ______, ____
, ________
emphasis now on vaccine preventable diseases early in life
infectious diseases
sanitation, hygiene, universal vaccination programs
overview of vaccine program eliminated \_\_\_\_ worldwide drove \_\_\_ from north america made common infections \_\_\_ responsible for preventing 3 million deaths in children each worldwide
small pox
polio
rare
about one million \_\_\_\_\_ barriers to full participation include \_\_\_\_ of vaccines lack of access to _ lack of \_\_\_\_\_ about benefits concerns about _ confusion about \_\_\_\_\_ of vaccines
unvaccinated children cost medical care understanding adverse events timing
when a critical portion of a community is immunized against a contagious disease, most members of the community are protected against that disease because there is little opportunity for an outbreak.
herd immunity
is there a link between measles and autism?
research shows no connection between vaccine and autism
vaccine exemptions
_________ waiver
______ waiver - january 1st, 2015
- can only be obtained after meeting with a local county health department health educator
medical contraindication
nonmedical
stage in life that can be most difficult due to
increased freedom
access to health compromising substances and experiences
lifestyle challengers
this time is critical to developing good health beliefs, attitudes and behavior
adolescents and young adults
health profile - mortality
death rate ______ by 36% between 1950 - 2003
threat comes primarily from ______
higher mortality rates in men v women and african americans vs whites
major causes are :
declined behavioral activities unintentional injuries homicides suicides motor vehicle cashes
white males have higher death rate than black males
mortality rates for females are lower
overall mortality rate for 15-24 year olds is no lower than in 1950
motor vehicle crashes
most alarming mortality trend
___ leading cause of death for young people ages 10-24 yr old
leading cause of death for ________
americas gun murder rate is more than ___ times the average of other developed countries
homicide
2nd leading
african americans
20
3rd leading cause of death overall
___ leading cause among white males; rate for black males is just ___ of whites
deaths by suicide are significantly lower for _____
however, ____ attempt suicide ____ times more often than males
suicide 3rd 2nd females females 2-4
gun availability is a risk factor for ______
gun owners ___ have more mental health problems than non owners
gun owners ___ more suciidal than non owners; their plans are more likely to involve firearms
adolescents who die by suicide with a gun almost always use ______
the case fatality rate for suicide attempts with guns is _____ than for other methods
suicide do not are not family gun higher
US teens wait an average of ______ after intercourse begins before visiting a birth control clinic
one year
half of all premarital ten pregnancies occur in the first _______ after intercourse begins
- ___ in the first month
6 months
20%
______ latinas get pregnant at least once before age 20, compared to one out of 3 in general population
3/5
