Chapter 8 - Intelligence

Question 0

Francis Galton

Answer 0

Francis Galton

Interested in eugenics, improving the human race
-said some people are better than others

Question 1

Two ways of defining intelligence:

Answer 1

objectively observable behavior

Capacity to learn

Question 2

Alfred Binet

Answer 2

Alfred Binet

Identified mental age
-special ed kids

Question 3

Mental age

Answer 3

Reflects mental ability typical of a child of a certain chronological age

Performance of a child and how it corresponds to chronological age of other kid

Question 4

Louis Terman

Answer 4

Lewis Termin

Developed the Stanford Binet test

Question 5

Stanford-Binet Test

Answer 5

First intelligence quotient (IQ)

Iq = mental age /chronological age * 100

Question 6

David Weschler

Answer 6

Developed the Weschler Adult Intelligence scale

Question 7

psychological tests

Answer 7

Psychological tests

A systematic procedure for observing behavior
-A good way to quantify mental abilities
– Can be reified or biased

Question 8

Weschler Adult Intelligence scale

4 Categories:

Answer 8

Verbal comprehension scale

Perceptual reasoning scale

Processing speed scale

Working memory scale

Question 9

The kallikak family (early 1900s)

Answer 9

Detailed study saying that intelligence is inherited

Question 10

Reliability of a psychological test

Validity of the psychological test

Answer 10

Reliability

• Is it consistent
• Test retest reliability
• Split half

Validity
-Predictably 
    How I'll they predict their future
-External validity
    How does it do relating to the real world

Question 11

Cumulative deprivation hypothesis

Answer 11

Cumulative deprivation hypothesis

Chronic environmental deprivation leads to iq decline

Kids from poor adopted into rich jump nearly 30% IQ

Question 12

Flynn Effect

Answer 12

Flynn effect

Iq in industrialized countries have been increasing in the last 20 years

Question 13

Reaction Range

Answer 13

Reaction range

Genetically determined range for ones IQ

Question 14

Steriotype threat

Answer 14

Stereotype threat

People who expect to place into a stereotype they’ll fit in it
-Golf video

Steele and aronson (1995) showed people faced with stereotype

Question 15

Crystallized intelligence

Fluid intelligence

Answer 15

Crystallized
- Acquired intelligence over time, logic, book smart

Fluid
- intelligence over different situations to solve new problems, street smart

Question 17

Sternburgs Triarchial theory

Three ways

Answer 17

Practical intelligence

Information processing intelligence

Creative intelligence

Question 17

Williams syndrome

Answer 17

Hyperactive kids who had no boundaries

Question 18

Decision-making

Answer 18

We have an overabundance of choices at all times, we must decide to choose one

Question 19

Gardeners multiple intelligence theory

8 domains

Answer 19

Gardeners multiple intelligence theory
8 domains

body kinesthetic
Interpersonal
Naturalistic
spatial skills

Musical
Intrapersonal
Linguistic
logical mathematical

Question 20

Deliberation without attention

Answer 20

Deliberation without attention

When things become complex/overwhelming you’re more likely to me you make quick decisions

Question 21

Heuristic

Answer 21

Finding an optimal answer under the available means even if it is not perfect

Question 22

Availability heuristic

Representative heuristic

Simulation heuristic

Answer 22

Availability Heuristic
-Estimating probability of event based on ease of coming to mind

Representative heuristic
-Estimating the event based on how similar it is of a prototype/s
Stereotype they ignore the base rate (likely thing)

Simulation heuristic
-Determining the likelihood of the event based o how easy it is based on the ease of how you can picture it mentally