Chapter 8: Epidemiology and Public Health Flashcards

1
Q

study of disease

A

epidemiology

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2
Q

an infectious disease that can be transmitted from one person to another
- hindi basta bastang nakukuha

A

communicable disease

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3
Q

is a communicable disease that is EASILY transmitted from person to person.

A

contagious disease

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4
Q

diseases that humans acquire from animal sources

A

zoonotic diseases or zoonoses

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5
Q

number of new cases of that disease in a defined population during a specific time period

A

incidence

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6
Q

number of new cases of a particular disease that occurred during a specified time period per a specifically defined population

A

morbidity rate

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7
Q

number of cases of a disease existing in a given population during a specific time period (ex. during the yr 2010, eme eme disease)

A

period prevalence

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8
Q

number of cases of a disease existing in a given population at a particular moment in time (ex. right now)

A

point prevalence

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9
Q

the ratio of the number of people who died of a particular disease during a specified time period per a specified population

A

mortality rate

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10
Q

disease that occurs only occasionally within the population of a particular geographic area (ex. tetanus)

A

sporadic disease

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11
Q

disease that is always present within the population of a particular geographic area

A

endemic disease

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12
Q

disease that is greater than usual number of cases of a disease in a particular region usually within a short period of time (ex. dengue)

A

epidemic disease

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13
Q

disease that is occurring in epidemic proportions in MANY COUNTRIES SIMULTANEOUSLY (ex covid)

A

pandemic

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14
Q

six components in infectious disease process (chain of infection)

A
pathogen 
reservoir (source of pathogen)
portal of exit
mode of transmission
portal of entry
susceptible host
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15
Q

sources of microbes that cause infectious diseases

A

reservoirs of infection/reservoirs

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16
Q

human carrier na hindi alam na they are carrying disease na pala

A

passive carriers

17
Q

human carrier na di pa visible yung symptoms (asymptomatic)

A

incubatory carriers

18
Q

human carriers na pagaling na pero they still carry residue of virus/infection

A

convalescent carriers

19
Q

human carrier that exhibits signs and symptoms

A

active carriers

20
Q

When arthropods are involved in the transmission of infectious diseases, they are referred to as

21
Q

inanimate objects capable of transmitting pathogens

22
Q

A specialized agency of the United Nations founded in 1948

23
Q

caused by drancunculus medineses (guinea worm)

A

dracunculiasis

24
Q

A federal agency administered by the U.S whose mission is “to collaborate to create the expertise, information, and tools that people and communities need to protect their health …”

  • nationally notifiable diseases must be reported here
A

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

25
Microbes purposely used to harm others in wartime
biological warfare (BW) agents
26
Pathogens used to create fear, chaos, illness, and death in situations other than war
bioterrorism agents
27
two general types of water pollution
chemical and bilogical pollution
28
Largest waterborne epidemic in the United States
1993 cryptosporidiosis epidemic in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
29
The major steps in water treatment
sedimentation coagulation filtration chlorination