Chapter 6 pt.2 Flashcards
used in microbiology lab to culture bacteria
media / medium (singular)
media prepared in lab
artificial or synthetic media
broth or solid medium containing a rich supply of special nutrients that promote the growth of fastidious organisms
enriched medium
heated blood / heated BAP
chocolate agar
has added inhibitors that discourage growth of certain organisms while allowing the growth of DESIRED organism
selective medium
allows gram (-) to grow but inhibits gram (+) to grow (selective and differential medium)
MAC Conkey Agar
permits the differentiation of organisms that grow on medium
differential medium
types of hemolysis
alpha = incomplete (greenish brown) beta = complete (colorless) gamma = no hemolysis
medium that can support obligate aerobes and anaerobes
Thioglycollate broth (THIO broth)
fastidious organisms require ???
blood
to prevent contamination
aseptic technique
unwanted organisms
contaminants
will maintain ambient environment (controlled temp and moisture)
incubator
incubator that contains 5-10% of CO2
CO2 incubator
incubator that contains room air
non-CO2 incubator
incubator that is devoid of oxygen ; for obligate anaerobes
anaerobic incubator
used to determine growth by measuring the turbidity of the medium
spectrophotometer
used to determine number of viable bacteria in a LIQUID sample
viable plate count
may be determined by growing a pure culture of the organism
population growth curve
biglang taas ng growth of bacterias
- best time to perform antibacterial eme
- produces primary, secondary metabolites (antibiotics)
log (exponential) phase
made up of young viable cells
- bacteria is adjusting
lag phase
to prevent this phase, transfer bacteria in fresh culture medium
death phase
plateau (no. of living = no. of death)
- bc of depletion of nutrients and accumulation of metabolic waste product
stationary phase
microbes that can survive and multiply only within living cells
- virus, rickettsia, chlamydia
obligate intracellular pathogens
popular live cell; live tissue culture
HeLa cells (Henrietta Lacks)
ex of culture media for fungi
brain heart infusion (BHI) agar
BHI with blood
SDA
protozoa that can be cultured in diamond serum medium
Trichomonas vaginalis
complete destruction of all microbes including cells, spores, and viruses
sterilization
steam under pressure; 121deg for 15 PSI for 15-20 mins
- destroys vegetative microorganisms, bacterial endospores, and viruses
autoclave
destruction or removal of pathogens from non-living objects
disinfection
chemical substances that eliminate pathogens on inanimate objects
disinfectants
solutions used to disinfect skin and other living tissues
antiseptics
chemicals that kill microbes
germicidal, biocidal, and microbicidal agents
specifically kill bacteria but not necessarily bacterial endospores
bactericidal agents
kill bacterial endospores
sporicidal agents
kill fungi and fugal spores
fungicidal agents
kill algae
algicidal
destroy viruses
viricidal
drug or chemical that inhibits growth and reproduction of microbes
microbistatic agent
process of dehydration, drying, and deep freezing
lyphilization
presence of pathogens in blood or tissues
sepsis
absence of pathogens
asepsis
prevention of infection
antisepsis
lowest temp that will kill all of the organisms within a specified time
thermal death point (TDP)
many dried microorganisms remain viable but can’t reproduce
desiccation
not killed but metabolic activities are slowed
cold
UV lamp is useful for reducing the number of microbes in the air
radiation
used in hospitals and medical clinics to clean equipment
ultrasonic waves
used to separate cells from liquids or gases (for bacteria only)
filters
use of chemical agents to inhibit the growth of pathogens, either temporarily or permanently
chemical disinfection
