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Biology > Chapter 8 DNA > Flashcards

Chapter 8 DNA Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Full name of DNA?

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

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2
Q

Full name of RNA?

A

Riboucleic Acid

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3
Q

Type of sugar in DNA?

A

deoxyribose

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4
Q

Type of sugar in RNA?

A

ribose

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5
Q

Number of strands in DNA?

A

2

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6
Q

Number of strands in RNA?

A

1

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7
Q

mRNA: Stands for, Location, Purpose

A

messenger RNA, nucleus and cytoplasm, to replicate the code of DNA into mRNA so it can leave the nucleus

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8
Q

rRNA: Stands for, Location, Purpose

A

ribosomal RNA, ribosomes, to interpret the codes

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9
Q

tRNA: Stands for, Location, Purpose

A

transfer RNA, ribosomes and cytoplasm, to collect the amino acids to make the protein

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10
Q

What does DNA have not RNA? (3)

A
  1. double stranded 2. has Thymine 3. can’t leave the nucleus
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11
Q

What do DNA and RNA have that is similar? (3)

A
  1. Process of protein synthesis 2.Has three of the same nitrogen bases: Adenine, Cytosine, and Guanine 3. Made of a phosphate group which is connected to a sugar which is then connected to a nitrogen base.
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12
Q

What does RNA have not DNA? (3)

A
  1. single stranded 2. has Uracil 3. can enter and leave the nucleus
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13
Q

Where do the nucleotides come from for replication?

A

They come from the nucleus, they hang around in there.

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14
Q

Why doesn’t the DNA just leave the nucleus and go to the ribosomes? (Why use the middle-man of mRNA?)

A

Because if DNA leaves the nucleus and gets damaged it can never be fixed or remade. So mRNA, is used to keep the DNA safe and it is doesn’t matter if mRNA gets damaged.

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15
Q

What is the purpose of replication?

A

The purpose of replication is so that each cell has a copy of the original DNA.

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16
Q

Why is translation so important?

A

Translation is important because it is the final process to make the protein.

17
Q

What part of the nucleotides make up the sides?

A

Sugar and phosphate groups

18
Q

What part makes up the rungs?

A

Nitrogen bases

19
Q

What is the final shape?

A

Double helix

20
Q

Why do we only use some genes in some cells?

A

Because certain cells only need certain genes, and by having genes that aren’t needed it can mess up the cell.

21
Q

If all cells have the same DNA, why don’t they produce the same proteins?

A

Because they have on/off switches which tell us when to produce a protein and when they don’t.

Biology (14 decks)

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