Chapter 7 Study Guide: Genetics Flashcards
Whats in mitosis thats not in meiosis?
diploid cells, 2 identical cells and chromosomes, Repairs cells, Body cells.
Whats in both mitosis and meiosis?
Chromosomes are replicated, Creates more cells, Chromosomes split
Whats in meiosis thats not in mitosis?
Haploid gametes, sex cells, 4 cells, crossing over
How does non-disjunction occur?
It occurs when one gamete receives both chromosomes and the other receives none.
How does non-disjunction alter the chromosome of a zygote?
It alters the chromosome of a zygote because it can have more or less than the normal amount of chromosomes.
3 ways to gain genetic diversity (describe each and say when they occur)
- Crossing Over - When 2 chromosomes get tangled and then create 2 new chromosomes that contain information from both chromosomes. 2. Independent Assortment - Random movement of the same type of chromosomes. 3. Random Fertilization - The chance that a specific sperm goes to a specific egg
Correct number of chromosomes for a haploid cell?
23
Correct number of chromosomes for a diploid cell?
46
Correct number of chromosomes for autosomes in a haploid cell?
22
Correct number of chromosomes for Sex chromosomes in a diploid cell?
2
Correct number of chromosomes for Sex chromosomes in a gamete cell?
1
Correct number of chromosomes for Autosomes in a zygote?
44
Total amount of chromosomes in a zygote?
46
Making a Human Step: Shuffling the 2 alleles and selecting one at random. What is the actual human step?
Independent Assortment
Making a Human Step: Combining one allele card from the mother and one from the father. What is the actual human step?
Random Fertilization
