Chapter 8: Caring for Patients with Chronic illness (week 1)

Question 1

Chronic disease

Answer 1

pathophysiologic condition that lasts more than 1 year, requires ongoing medical care and often limits a person’s usual activities of daily living due to symptoms of the disease or self care activities

Question 2

Chronic illness

Answer 2

Patient’s subjective experiences of and responses to a chronic disease

Question 3

What can help reduce costs of chronic diseae

Answer 3

Disease prevention and better symptom management

Question 4

What are the numerous factors of how individuals develop disease

Answer 4

Genetic Factors
- Multifactorial inheritance = explains why a person who carries
genetic material for developing a chronic illness may or may
not eventually be diagnosed with the disease
- If strong disease pattern is identified in family history - genetic
counseling may be indicated
- Genetic screenings

Environmental factors

Lifestyle and risk factors
- Risk behaviors = most common modifiable risk factors
- Tobacco Use
- Effects of alcohol
- Nutrition

Question 5

Multifactorial inheritance

Answer 5

interaction of factors promoting chronic disease

Question 6

What are the psychosocial needs of patients with chronic illness

Answer 6

• emotional response varies
• economic, function, occupational, psychological, sexual, social, spiritual effects
• Depression
• Social isolation
• Loneliness

Question 7

What are ways to help chronically ill children

Answer 7

• address mental health issues
• school attendance
• social engagement with other children
• take family centered approach include parents

Question 8

What are ways to help older adults that are chronically ill

Answer 8

-Control symptoms, maintain comfort, prevent crisis
- Address for depression
- Maximize functional capability

Question 9

What are some factors that put family caregivers at risk when caring for chronically ill patients

Answer 9

• Emotionally, psychologically and physically draining
• Providing care for more than 1 year
• Being 65 years of age or older
• providing care for a family member with significant needs
• caring for someone with Alzheimer’s or dementia
• Living with the care recipient

Question 10

Chronic Care Model

Answer 10

Provides a framework to guide health care delivery for patients living with chronic illnesses

Illustrates how the community (available resources and policies) and health care systems (how providers can best utilize the resources within our system and provide evidence based care to improve patient outcome) interact to influence patient outcomes

Six elements of the model are:
1) Community
2) Self management support
3) Health system
4) Delivery system design
5) Decision support
6) Clinical information systems

Question 11

How do nurses assess patients with chronic illness

Answer 11

• Adherence - depends on the number and type of chronic illnesses, the severity and duration of the chronic illness and the complexity of the treatment plan
  How do you take medications? How do you follow a diet plan?
  How do you perform exercises?
• Symptom management
• Tobacco use
• Alcohol consumption
• lifestyle

Question 12

What is the nurse’s role in chronic disease prevention

Answer 12

1. Increase healthy behavior through education
2. Screening for early disease
3. Support public policy to improve health
4. Genetic testing and family history assessment

Question 13

What is the World Health Organization recommendations to prevent chronic illness

Answer 13

1. Physical activity
2. Diet
3. Alcohol intake
4. Smoking

Question 14

How can nurses promote health and disease prevention

Answer 14

1. Screening for disease
2. Patient education and chronic disease self management
3. Promoting adherence