Chapter 7: Caring in Nursing Practice (Week 2)

Question 1

What are the AONE guiding principles for the role of the nurse

Answer 1

First layer is patient centered care
2nd is good quality care
3rd is patient is safe

Question 2

What are the 3 nursing tools

Answer 2

Heart
Brain
Hands

Question 3

What does the American Organization of Nurse executives (AONE) describe as the core of nursing

Answer 3

caring and knowledge

Question 4

Define caring

Answer 4

A universal phenomenon influencing the ways in which people think, feel, and behave in relation to one another

Question 5

What are some theoretical views on caring

Answer 5

1. Caring is primary
2. Leininger’s transcultural caring
3. Watson’s transpersonal caring
4. Swanson’s theory of caring

Question 6

Leininger’s transcultural caring

Answer 6

She describes the concept of care as the domain that sets nursing apart
She says that nurses need to understand and apply cultural caring behaviors - for caring to be effective we need to learn culturally specific behaviors and words that reflect human caring in different cultures

Question 7

Watson’s Transpersonal caring

Answer 7

Caring is a central focus and is integral to maintain. the ethical and philosophical roots of nursing
Holistic model that supports nurse’s conscious intention to care to promote healing and wholeness
Rejects the disease orientation to healthcare and places care before cure

Question 8

Swanson’s theory of caring

Answer 8

Defines caring as a nurturing way of relating to an individual
She developed 5 caring processes which include: knowing, being with, doing for, enabling and maintaining belief

Question 9

Is enabling a aspect of caring?

Answer 9

Yes - enabling is when a nurse and patient work together to identify alternatives in approaches to care and resources
The nurse helps guide them through their choices so they make the ones appropriate for them

Question 10

What are some common themes of caring

Answer 10

1. Knowing the context of a patient’s illness helps you choose and individualize interventions that will actually help the patient
2. Caring theories are valuable when assessing patient perceptions of being cared for in a multicultural environment
3. Caring is highly relational - its a relationship
4. Enabling

Question 11

Caring Assessment Tool

Answer 11

Measures caring from a patient’s perspective

Question 12

When do patients usually become active partners in the plan of care

Answer 12

When they sense that their HCP is sensitive, sympathetic, compassionate and interested in them as people
Patients value the affective dimension of nursing care
Assess what your patient expects
Build a nurse patient relationship to. learn what is important to your patients

Question 13

Ethic of care

Answer 13

Caring is an interaction of mutual respect and truse
Ethic refers to the ideals of right and wrong behavior
An ethic of care is concerned with relationships between people and with a nurse’s character and attitude towards others
Ethic is value driven

Question 14

C.U.S.S

Answer 14

Concerned
Uncomfortable
Safety
Stop

Question 15

Caring is one of those behaviors that we can __________ and _________

Answer 15

give and receive

Question 16

Providing presence

Answer 16

Providing presence is a person to person encounter conveying a closeness and sense of caring
Presence involves being there and being with
Nursing presence is the connectedness between a nurse and a patient
Establishing presence strengthens your ability to provide effective patient centered care

Question 17

What are ways that show caring in the nursing practice

Answer 17

Providing presence
Touch
Listening
Knowing the patient
Spiritual caring
Relieving symptoms suffering
Family care

Question 18

How does touch show caring

Answer 18

• It provides comfort
• Creates a connection
  2 types:
• Contact touch = which is skin to skin contact, task oriented, caring (nonverbal communication and is expressed in the way you hold the patient’s hand, give a back massage or gently position the patient) or protective (preventing a accident - this type of touch can also protect the nurse emotionally who needs to step away from a patient)
• Non-contact touch

Question 19

Therapeutic touch

Answer 19

holistic evidence based therapy - incorporates the intentional and compassionate use of touch to help patients find their inner balance
The practitioner directs their hands on their body and this helps in managing their anxiety, pain, dementia and other physical and mental health conditions

Question 20

How does listening display caring

Answer 20

Its necessary for meaningful interations with patients
It leads to knowing and responding to what really matters to a patient and family
To listen effectively you need to silence yourself and listen with an open mind
Through active listening you begin to truly know your patients and what is important to them

Question 21

What is the core of clinical decision making and patient centered care

Answer 21

Knowing the patient
The 2 elements that facilitate knowing are continuity of care and clinical expertise

Question 22

What are the factors that contribute to knowing patients

Answer 22

• Time
• Continuity of care
• Teamwork of the nursing staff
• Trust
  -Experience

Question 23

Spiritual caring

Answer 23

This is achieved when a person can find a balance between his life values, goals and belief symptoms and those of others

Spirituality offers a sense of intrapersonal, interpersonal and transpersonal connectedness

Question 24

Relieving symptoms and suffering

Answer 24

Performing caring nursing actions that give a patient comfort, dignity, respect, and peace
Providing necessary comfort and support measures to the family or significant others
Conveying a quiet, caring presence, touching a patient, or listening helps you to assess and understand the meaning of your patient’s discomfort.
Comforting through a listening, nonjudgmental, caring presence

Question 25

Family care

Answer 25

Caring for an individual includes a person’s family.
Nurses should help family members be active participants.
Learn familial roles.

Question 26

For caring to achieve cure what must nurses do

Answer 26

Nurses need to learn culturally specific behaviors and words that reflect human caring in different cultures

Question 27

What are some challenges nurses face when trying to provide a caring patient centered care

Answer 27

• Time constraints
• Task oriented biomedical model
• Institutional demands
• Reliance on technology, cost effective strategies and standardized work processes

Healthcare must become more holistic and humanistic