Chapter 8 and 9 Vocab Flashcards
molecule that absorbs and reflects light
Pigment
captures light energy; pigment in plants and other photosynthetic organisms that reflects green
Chlorophyll
found in chloroplasts; saclike photosynthetic membrane
Thylakoid
units in the chloroplast that collect light
Photo system
area that is located outside the thylakoid membranes in the chloroplasts
Stroma
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; carrier molecules which transfers electrons win high energy from chlorophyll to other molecules
One of the carrier molecules that changes high energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules
NADP+
photosynthesis reactions that use light energy to make ATP and NADPH
Light dependent reactions
protein that uses H+ energy to bind ADP to a phosphate group to make ATP
ATP Synthase
plants use the energy of ATP and NADPH to make high-energy compounds that are able to be stored for a long time
Calvin Cycle
used to measure energy in food; amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a gram of water one degree Celsius
Calorie
one glucose molecule is broken in half, which produced two pyruvic acid molecules(a 3-carbon compound)
first step in letting he energy of glucose out when a molecule of glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvic acid
Glycolysis
made of the Kreb’s cycle, electron transport and glycolysis; releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules when oxygen is present
Cellular Respiration
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; electron carrier; involved in glycolysis
NAD+
produces ATP when there is no oxygen; happens when energy is released from foods by molecules
Fermentation
processes don’t require oxygen
Anaerobic
processes require oxygen
Aerobic
second stage of cellular respiration; pyruvic acid gets broken down into carbon dioxide through many energy extracting reactions
Kreb’s Cycle
proteins that use electrons with high energy from the Kreb’s cycle to convert ADP into ATP
Electron transport chains
one of the principal chemical compounds that living things use to release and store energy
ATP
