Chapter 8 and 9 Vocab

Question 1

molecule that absorbs and reflects light

Answer 1

Pigment

Question 2

captures light energy; pigment in plants and other photosynthetic organisms that reflects green

Answer 2

Chlorophyll

Question 3

found in chloroplasts; saclike photosynthetic membrane

Answer 3

Thylakoid

Question 4

units in the chloroplast that collect light

Answer 4

Photo system

Question 5

area that is located outside the thylakoid membranes in the chloroplasts

Answer 5

Stroma

Question 6

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; carrier molecules which transfers electrons win high energy from chlorophyll to other molecules
One of the carrier molecules that changes high energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules

Answer 6

NADP+

Question 7

photosynthesis reactions that use light energy to make ATP and NADPH

Answer 7

Light dependent reactions

Question 8

protein that uses H+ energy to bind ADP to a phosphate group to make ATP

Answer 8

ATP Synthase

Question 9

plants use the energy of ATP and NADPH to make high-energy compounds that are able to be stored for a long time

Answer 9

Calvin Cycle

Question 10

used to measure energy in food; amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a gram of water one degree Celsius

Answer 10

Calorie

Question 11

one glucose molecule is broken in half, which produced two pyruvic acid molecules(a 3-carbon compound)
first step in letting he energy of glucose out when a molecule of glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvic acid

Answer 11

Glycolysis

Question 12

made of the Kreb’s cycle, electron transport and glycolysis; releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules when oxygen is present

Answer 12

Cellular Respiration

Question 13

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; electron carrier; involved in glycolysis

Answer 13

NAD+

Question 14

produces ATP when there is no oxygen; happens when energy is released from foods by molecules

Answer 14

Fermentation

Question 15

processes don’t require oxygen

Answer 15

Anaerobic

Question 16

processes require oxygen

Answer 16

Aerobic

Question 17

second stage of cellular respiration; pyruvic acid gets broken down into carbon dioxide through many energy extracting reactions

Answer 17

Kreb’s Cycle

Question 18

proteins that use electrons with high energy from the Kreb’s cycle to convert ADP into ATP

Answer 18

Electron transport chains

Question 19

one of the principal chemical compounds that living things use to release and store energy

Answer 19

ATP