Chapter 1 Vocab

Question 1

Observation

Answer 1

The process of gathering information about events or processes in a careful, orderly way

Question 2

Data

Answer 2

Information gathered from the observation

Question 3

Inference

Answer 3

A logical interpretation based on prior knowledge or experience

Question 4

Hypothesis

Answer 4

A proposed scientific explanation for a set of observations

Question 5

Spontaneous generation

Answer 5

Living organisms can be created anywhere at anytime, even from nonliving matter

Question 6

Manipulated variable

Answer 6

Variable that is deliberately changed

Question 7

Controlled experiment

Answer 7

Only one variable is changed, all others kept the same

Question 8

Responding variable

Answer 8

Variable that is observed and that changes in response to the manipulated variable

Question 9

Biology

Answer 9

Science that seeks to understand the living world

Question 10

Cell

Answer 10

Collection of living matter enclosed by a barrier that separates the cell from its surroundings

Question 11

Sexual reproduction

Answer 11

Two cells from different parent cells untie to produce the first cell of the new organism

Question 12

Asexual reproduction

Answer 12

A new organism has a Single parent; divides to form two organisms

Question 13

Metabolism

Answer 13

Combination of Chemical reactions to build up and break down materials as it carries out its life processes

Question 14

Stimulus

Answer 14

Signal to which an organism responds

Question 15

External stimuli

Answer 15

Stimuli coming from the environment

Question 16

Internal stimuli

Answer 16

Comes from within the organism

Question 17

Evolution

Answer 17

Group of organism change over time

Question 18

Microscopes

Answer 18

Devices that produce magnified images of structures that are too small to see with the unaided eye

Question 19

Compound light microscopes

Answer 19

Allow light to pass through the specimen and use two lenses to form an image

Question 20

Electron microscopes

Answer 20

Use beams of electrons rather than light to produce images

Question 21

Cell culture

Answer 21

A group of cells develops from a single original cell

Question 22

Cell fractionation

Answer 22

Separate different parts of the cell

1. Cells broken into pieces in a special blender
2. Broken cell bits added to liquid and paced in a tube
3. Tube inserted into centrifuge which spins up to 20,000 times a minute
4. Spinning separates cells

Question 23

Science

Answer 23

An organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world; also refers to the body of knowledge that scientists have built up after years of using this process

Question 24

Homeostasis

Answer 24

Keeping internal conditions stable