Cell Part Two

Question 1

Plants, algae, fungi, bacteria
Protects, maintains shape
Porous-allows water, CO2, and oxygen in
Several layers
Pectin- gluey substance holds cell together(Orange peel)
Primary cell wall-made of cellulose, fiberous, elastic
Secondary cell wall-made of cellulose, lignin in rigid woody plants

Answer 1

Cell wall

Question 2

2 flexible layers with protein channels
Made of phosphorous and fat
Proteins form channels and pumps
Carbs form chemical identification receptors
Shape, structure
In most cell membranes

Answer 2

Lipid bilayer

Question 3

Mass of solute in a solution

Answer 3

Concentration

Question 4

Molecules spread from high to low concentration 
No membrane
Concentration gradient moves with
Goes till equilibrium 
Passive transport, no energy 
Equilibrium in all directions

Answer 4

Diffusion

Question 5

Concentration of solute is same throughout the solution

Diffusion-all directions

Answer 5

Equilibrium

Question 6

Diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane
Water moves to high solute concentration
Hypo, hyper, or isotonic

Answer 6

Osmosis

Question 7

Equal solute concentration

Water exchanges evenly like 60% for 60%

Answer 7

Isotonic

Question 8

High solute concentration in environment compared to cell
Solute is high outside
Water moves out of cell when environ. Is high
Water moves into cell when concentration is high inside the cell

Answer 8

Hypertonic

Question 9

Low solute concentrations in environment compared to cell
Solute is low outside
Water moves into cell when low solute in environ.
Water moves to environment when low solute in cell

Answer 9

Hypotonic

Question 10

Moves with concentration gradient
Carried by a protein through channel
Transports glucose in RBC
Fast, specific no energy required 
Rate depends on amount of protein carriers available

Answer 10

Facilitated diffusion

Question 11

Goes against concentration gradient
Needs energy
Two types
Membrane pumps
Transports large amount of materials

Answer 11

Active transport

Question 12

Into the cell
Enters by forming folds or pockets around material, forms a vacuole or vehicle
Joins with the cell membrane forcing contents out

Answer 12

Endocytosis

Question 13

Cell releases a large amount of material

Answer 13

Exocytosis

Question 14

Cell eating
Large particle digestion forms a food vacuole form cytoplasmic extensions
Immune system only in humans 
Surround a large object and digest it
White blood cells eat bacteria 
How amoeba get food

Answer 14

Phagocytosis

Question 15

Add liquid in tiny pockets then pinches off
Peeing in the pocket
Drinking
Adding liquid molecule by surrounding it

Answer 15

Pinocytosis

Question 16

Separates rolls for each type of organ

Answer 16

Cell specialization

Question 17

Formed from cells and form organs

Similar cells work together to perform a specific function in multicellular organism

Answer 17

Tissue

Question 18

Group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function
Make organ systems
Liver heart pancreas
Muscle, tissue, connective-blood, bone, muscles, epithelial-skin

Answer 18

Organ

Question 19

Formed form organs
Digestive, respiratory
Forms organism

Answer 19

Organ system

Question 20

Plasma membrane
Outer boundary of cell
Regulates materials in and out of cell
Protection and support
Made of lipids, carbs and proteins
Semipermeable 
Phospholipid bilayer-2 flexible layers wig protein channels made of phosphorous and fat
Proteins form channels and pumps
Carbs form chemical identification receptors
Shape, structure

Answer 20

Cell membrane