Chapter 8 - Alcohol: Social Beverage/Social Drug Flashcards
Ethyl Alcohol
The product of fermentation of natural sugars. It is generally referred to simply as alcohol, though several types of non-ethyl alcohol exist.
Fermentation
The process of converting natural sugars into ethyl alcohol by the action of yeasts.
Brewing
The process of producing beer from barley grain.
Barley Malt
Barley after it has been soaked in water, sprouts have grown, sprouts have been removed, and the mixture has been dried and crushed to a powder.
Mash
Fermented barley malt, following liquefaction and combination with yeasts.
Distillation
A process by which fermented liquid is boiled and then cooled, so that the condensed product contains a higher concentration of alcohol than before.
Distilled Spirits
The liquid product of distillation, also known as liquor.
Aqua Vitae
A brandy, the first distilled liquor in recorded history.
Temperance Movement
The social movement in the United States, beginning in the nineteenth century, that advocated the renunciation of alcohol consumption.
Oxidation
A chemical process in alcohol metabolism.
Alcohol Dehydrogenase
An enzyme in the stomach and liver that converse alcohol into acetaldehyde.
Acetaldehyde
A by-product of alcohol metabolism, produced through the action of alcohol dehydrogenase.
Acetaldehyde Dehyrogenase
An enzyme in the liver that converse acetaldehyde to acetic acid in alcohol metabolism.
Acetic Acid
A by-product of alcohol metabolism, produced through the action of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase.
Blood-Alcohol Concentration (BAC)
The number of grams of alcohol in the blood relative to 100 milliliters of blood, expressed as a percentage.
