Chapter 2 - Drug Taking Behavior: The Personal and Social Concerns

Question 1

Toxicity

Answer 1

The physical or psychological harm that a drug might present to the user.

Question 2

Dose

Answer 2

The quantity of drug that is taken into the body, typically measured in terms of milligrams or micrograms.

Question 3

Acute Toxicity

Answer 3

The physical or psychological harm a drug might present to the used immediately or soon after the drug is ingested into the body.

Question 4

Dose-Response Curve

Answer 4

An S-shaped graph showing the increasing probability of a certain drug effect as the dose level rises.

Question 5

Effective Dose (ED)

Answer 5

The minimal dose of a particular drug necessary to produce the intended drug effect in a given percentage of the population.

Question 6

Lethal Dose (LD)

Answer 6

The minimal dose of a particular drug capable of producing death in a given percentage of the population.

Question 7

Therapeutic Index

Answer 7

A measure of a drug’s relative safety for use, computed as the ratio of the lethal dose for 50% of the population to the effective dose for 50% of the population.

Question 8

Margin of Safety

Answer 8

The ration of a lethal dose for 1% of the population to the effective dose for 99% of the population.

Question 9

Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN)

Answer 9

A federal program in which metropolitan hospitals report the incidence of drug-related lethal and nonlethal emergencies.

Question 10

Drug-Related ED Visit

Answer 10

An occasion on which a person visits and emergency department (ED) for a purpose that is related to a recent drug use.

Question 11

Chronic Toxicity

Answer 11

The physical or psychological harm a drug might cause over a long period of use.

Question 12

Tolerance

Answer 12

The capacity of a drug to produce a gradually diminished physical or psychological effect upon repeated administration of the drug at the same dose level.

Question 13

Behavioral Tolerance

Answer 13

The process of drug tolerance that is linked to drug-taking behavior occurring consistently in the same surroundings or under the same circumstances. Also known as conditioned tolerance.

Question 14

Physical Dependence

Answer 14

A model of drug dependence based on the idea that the drug abuser continues the drug-taking behavior to avoid the consequences of physical withdrawal symptoms.

Question 15

Psychological Dependence

Answer 15

A model of drug dependence based on the idea that the drug abuser is motivated by a craving for the pleasurable effects of the drug.

Question 16

Catheter

Answer 16

A device to deliver intravenous injections of a drug in a free-moving human or animal.

Question 17

Substance Dependence

Answer 17

A diagnostic term used in clinical psychology and psychiatry that identifies an individual displaying significant signs of a dependent relationship with a psychoactive drug.

Question 18

Substance Abuse

Answer 18

A diagnostic term used in clinical psychology and psychiatry that identifies an individual who continues to take a psychoactive drug despite the fact that the drug despite the fact that the drug-taking behavior creates specific problems for that individual.

Question 19

Pharmologocal Violence

Answer 19

Violent acts committed while under the influence of a particular psychoactive drug, with the implication that the drug caused the violence to occur.

Question 20

Economically Compulsive Violence

Answer 20

Violent acts that are committed by a drug abuser to secure money to buy drugs.

Question 21

Systemic Violence

Answer 21

Violence that arises from the traditionally aggressive patterns of behavior within a network of illicit drug trafficking and distribution.

Question 22

Laissez-Faire

Answer 22

The philosophy of exhorting as little government control and regulation as possible.