Chapter 13 - Depressants and Inhalents

Question 1

Sedative-Hypnotics

Answer 1

A category of depressant drugs that provide a sense of calm and sleep.

Question 2

Anti-Anxiety Drugs

Answer 2

Medications that make the used feel more peaceful or tranquil; also called tranquilizers.

Question 3

Inhalants

Answer 3

Chemicals that produce breathable vapors. The produce euphoriant and depressant effects when sniffed or inhaled.

Question 4

Barbiturate

Answer 4

A drug within a family of depressants derived from barbituric acid and used as a sedative-hypnotic and anti-epileptic medication.

Question 5

Phenobarbital

Answer 5

A long-acting barbiturate drug, usually marketed in generic term.

Question 6

Amobarbital

Answer 6

An intermediate-acting barbiturate drug. Brand name is Amytal.

Question 7

Phenobarbital

Answer 7

A short-acting barbiturate drug. Brand name is Nembutal.

Question 8

Secobarbital

Answer 8

A short-acting barbiturate drug. Brand name is Seconal.

Question 9

REM-Sleep Rebound

Answer 9

A phenomenon associated with the withdrawal of barbiturate drugs in which the quantity of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep increases, resulting in disturbed sleep and nightmares.

Question 10

Chloral Hydrate

Answer 10

A depressant drug once used for the treatment of insomnia. It is highly reactive with alcohol and can severely irritate the stomach.

Question 11

Methaqualone

Answer 11

A non-barbiturate depressant drug once used as a sedative. Brand name is Quaalude.

Question 12

Meprobamate

Answer 12

A non-barbiturate anti-anxiety drug and sedative. Brand name is Miltown.

Question 13

Benzodiazepines

Answer 13

A family of anti-anxiety drugs. Examples include diazepam (Valium), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), and triazolam (Halcion).

Question 14

Chlordizepoxide

Answer 14

A major benzodiazepine drug for the treatment of anxiety. Brand name is Librium.

Question 15

Diazepam

Answer 15

A major benzodiazepine drug for the treatment of anxiety. Brand name is Valium.

Question 16

Zolpidem

Answer 16

A non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic drug, first introduced in 1993, for the treatment of insomnia. Brand name is Ambien.

Question 17

Eszopiclone

Answer 17

A non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic, first introduced in 2005, for the treatment of insomnia. Brand name in Lunesta.

Question 18

Buspirone

Answer 18

A non-benzodiazepine anti-anxiety drug first introduced in 1986. Brand name is BuSpar.

Question 19

Beta Blockers

Answer 19

Medicinal drugs that are traditionally used to treat cardiac and blood pressure disorders. They are also prescribed for individuals who suffer from “stage fright” or anxiety regarding a specific event. Examples include atenolol (brand name: Tenormin), metoprolol (brand name: Lopressor), and propanolol (brand name: Inderal).

Question 20

Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB)

Answer 20

A powerful depressant often abused to induce euphoria and sedation. When slipped into an alcoholic beverage without the knowledge of the drinker, GHB has been employed as a date-rape drug.

Question 21

Nitrous Oxide

Answer 21

An analgesic gas commonly used in modern dentistry. It is also referred to as laughing gas.

Question 22

Whippets

Answer 22

Small canisters containing pressurized nitrous oxide.

Question 23

Hypoxia

Answer 23

A deficiency in oxygen intake.

Question 24

Ether

Answer 24

An anesthetic drug first introduced to surgical practice by William T. Morton in the 1840s. It is highly flammable.

Question 25

Acetone

Answer 25

A chemical found in nail polish removers and other products.

Question 26

Benzene

Answer 26

A carcinogenic (cancer-producing) compound found in many solvent products, representing a serious health risk when inhaled.

Question 27

Hexane

Answer 27

A dangerous compound present in many glues and adhesive products. Inhalation of theses products has been associated with muscle weakness and atrophy.

Question 28

Toluene

Answer 28

A compound in glues, cements, and other adhesive products. Inhalation of these products results in the behavioral and neurological impairments.

Question 29

Triorthocresyl Phosphate (TCP)

Answer 29

A gasoline additive. Inhalations of TCP-containing gasoline has been linked to spastic muscle disorders and liver problems.

Question 30

Oil of Mustard

Answer 30

An additive in Testor brand hobby-kit glues that produces nasal irritation when inhaled, thus reducing the potential for inhalant abuse.