Chapter 1 - Drugs and Behavior Today Flashcards
Illicit Drugs
Drugs whose manufacture, sale, or possession is illegal.
Psychoactive Drugs
Drugs that affect feelings, thoughts, perceptions, or behavior.
Can be ILLICIT or LICIT; INSTRUMENTAL or RECREATIONAL.
Licit Drugs
Drugs whose manufacture, sale, or possession is legal.
Drug Dependence
A condition in which am individual feels a compulsive need to continue taking a drug. In the process, the drug assumes an increasingly central role in the individual’s life.
Instrumental Use
Referring to the motivation of a drug user who takes the drug for a specific purpose other than getting “high.”
Recreational Use
Reffering to the motivation of a drug user who takes the drug only to get “high” or achieve some pleasurable effect.
Drug Misuse
Drug-taking behavior in which a prescription or over-the-counter drug is used inappropriately.
Drug Abuse
Drug-taking behavior resulting in some form of physical, social, or mental impairment.
Shamanism
The philosophy and practice of healing in which diagnosis or treatment is based on trancelike states, on the part of either the healer (shaman) or the patient.
Shaman
A healer whose diagnosis or treatment is based at least in part on trances. These trances are frequently induced by hallucinogenic drugs.
Ebers Papyrus
An Egyptian document, dated approximately 1500 BC, containing more than eight hundred prescriptions for common ailments and diseases.
Placebo Effect
Any change in a person’s condition after taking a drug, based solely on that person’s beliefs about the drug rather than on any physical effects of the drug.
Patent Medicine
Historically, a drug or combination of drugs sold through peddlers, shops, or mail-order advertisements.
Chlorpromazine
An antipsychotic (ansischizophrenia) drug. Brand name is Thorazine.
Neuroscience
The scientific study of the nervous system, undertaken as a collaborative effort among researchers from many scientific disciplines.
Risk Factors
Factors in an individual’s life that increase the likelihood of involvement with drugs.
Protective Factors
Factors in an individual’s life they decrease the likelihood of involvement with drugs and reduce the impact that any risk factor might have.
What social messages are we given about drug use?
We live in a social environment that sends us mixed messages.
EX. Cigarette smoking and tobacco are portrayed in a positive light throughout the media vs. anti-drug campaigns.
Where did the earliest experiences with psychoactive drugs come from?
The tasting of naturally growing plants.
In 2011, how many high school seniors used marijuana once in the last year?
1 out of 3.
In 2011, what was the prevalence rate for alcohol use among high school seniors?
40%
In 2011, how many high school seniors used marijuana on a daily basis?
1 out of 16.
In 2011, what was the prevalence rate for alcohol use among college students?
64%
In 2011, what percent of high school seniors smoked cigarettes at least once a day?
10%
In 2011, what percent of college students smoked cigarettes at least once a day?
7%
What are some risk factors that lead towards drug-taking behavior?
- Tendency towards nonconformity within society.
2. Influence of drug-using peers.
What are some protective factors against drug-taking behavior?
- Intact home environment.
- Positive educational experience.
- Conventional peer relationships.
