Chapter 1 - Drugs and Behavior Today

Question 0

Illicit Drugs

Answer 0

Drugs whose manufacture, sale, or possession is illegal.

Question 1

Psychoactive Drugs

Answer 1

Drugs that affect feelings, thoughts, perceptions, or behavior.

Can be ILLICIT or LICIT; INSTRUMENTAL or RECREATIONAL.

Question 2

Licit Drugs

Answer 2

Drugs whose manufacture, sale, or possession is legal.

Question 3

Drug Dependence

Answer 3

A condition in which am individual feels a compulsive need to continue taking a drug. In the process, the drug assumes an increasingly central role in the individual’s life.

Question 4

Instrumental Use

Answer 4

Referring to the motivation of a drug user who takes the drug for a specific purpose other than getting “high.”

Question 5

Recreational Use

Answer 5

Reffering to the motivation of a drug user who takes the drug only to get “high” or achieve some pleasurable effect.

Question 6

Drug Misuse

Answer 6

Drug-taking behavior in which a prescription or over-the-counter drug is used inappropriately.

Question 7

Drug Abuse

Answer 7

Drug-taking behavior resulting in some form of physical, social, or mental impairment.

Question 8

Shamanism

Answer 8

The philosophy and practice of healing in which diagnosis or treatment is based on trancelike states, on the part of either the healer (shaman) or the patient.

Question 9

Shaman

Answer 9

A healer whose diagnosis or treatment is based at least in part on trances. These trances are frequently induced by hallucinogenic drugs.

Question 10

Ebers Papyrus

Answer 10

An Egyptian document, dated approximately 1500 BC, containing more than eight hundred prescriptions for common ailments and diseases.

Question 11

Placebo Effect

Answer 11

Any change in a person’s condition after taking a drug, based solely on that person’s beliefs about the drug rather than on any physical effects of the drug.

Question 12

Patent Medicine

Answer 12

Historically, a drug or combination of drugs sold through peddlers, shops, or mail-order advertisements.

Question 13

Chlorpromazine

Answer 13

An antipsychotic (ansischizophrenia) drug. Brand name is Thorazine.

Question 14

Neuroscience

Answer 14

The scientific study of the nervous system, undertaken as a collaborative effort among researchers from many scientific disciplines.

Question 15

Risk Factors

Answer 15

Factors in an individual’s life that increase the likelihood of involvement with drugs.

Question 16

Protective Factors

Answer 16

Factors in an individual’s life they decrease the likelihood of involvement with drugs and reduce the impact that any risk factor might have.

Question 17

What social messages are we given about drug use?

Answer 17

We live in a social environment that sends us mixed messages.

EX. Cigarette smoking and tobacco are portrayed in a positive light throughout the media vs. anti-drug campaigns.

Question 18

Where did the earliest experiences with psychoactive drugs come from?

Answer 18

The tasting of naturally growing plants.

Question 19

In 2011, how many high school seniors used marijuana once in the last year?

Answer 19

1 out of 3.

Question 20

In 2011, what was the prevalence rate for alcohol use among high school seniors?

Answer 20

40%

Question 21

In 2011, how many high school seniors used marijuana on a daily basis?

Answer 21

1 out of 16.

Question 22

In 2011, what was the prevalence rate for alcohol use among college students?

Answer 22

64%

Question 23

In 2011, what percent of high school seniors smoked cigarettes at least once a day?

Answer 23

10%

Question 24

In 2011, what percent of college students smoked cigarettes at least once a day?

Answer 24

7%

Question 25

What are some risk factors that lead towards drug-taking behavior?

Answer 25

1. Tendency towards nonconformity within society.

2. Influence of drug-using peers.

Question 26

What are some protective factors against drug-taking behavior?

Answer 26

1. Intact home environment.
2. Positive educational experience.
3. Conventional peer relationships.