Chapter 8: 8.2 Cell Cycle Flashcards
What is necessary in order for a cell to divide?
- Grow
- Produce new organelles
- Replicate DNA
- Sort the DNA so that each daughter cells receives one copy of each chromosome
- Split into two cells
What are the 2 major phases of the cell cycle?
- Interphase
- Mitotic (M) Phase
What are the components of interphase?
- G1 phase (1st gap)
- S phase (synthesis)
- G2 phase (2nd gap)
What are the components of mitotic (M) phase?
- Mitosis (prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase)
- Cytokinesis
Interphase:
G1 Phase
Cell is growing
* Increasing cell size
* Increasing protein produced, volume of cytoplasm, and produces more organelles
Interphase:
G1 Checkpoint
Decides whether or not it wants to divide
Interphase:
What does G1 checkpoint look for?
- Cell size
- Nutrient levels
- Growth factors
- DNA damage
Interphase:
G1 checkpoint outcome:
1. No?
2. Yes?
- Goes into G0 resting phase to wait for better conditions
- Irreversible decision to proceed to cell division and into S phase
Interphase:
S phase
DNA replication occurs
Interphase:
G2 phase
Cell continues to grow, increase in size, make more organelles
Interphase:
G2 Checkpoint
Decides whether or not to enter mitosis
Interphase:
What does the G2 checkpoint look for?
- DNA damage
- If replication did occur
Interphase:
G2 checkpoint outcome
1. No?
2. Yes?
- Undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis)
- Enter mitosis
Interphase:
Besides the G1, G2, and S phases, what other phases are present in interphase?
G0 phase
* Cells exist in a quiescent state
* Also known as extended G1 phase
Interphase:
What happens in the G0 phase?
Not in process of dividing or preparing to divide
