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Oral Pathology > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q
A

Linea Alba

“white lin” on check

Associated with PRESSURE, IRRITATION, SUCKING TRAUMA

Found at the same height of the occlusal plane

** if not at the occlusal plane consider other options for white line**

Typically bilateral

NO BIOPSY or treatment necessary

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2
Q
A

Morsicatio Buccarum

CHRONIC CHEEK CHEWING

Thickend, shredded, white areas which may be ulcerated

High prevalance in individuals under stress or with psychologic condition

No treatment required – stop the habit

Not a premalignant condition – doesn’t cause chronic inflammation

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3
Q
A

Morsicatio Labiorum

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4
Q
A

Morsciatio linguarum

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5
Q

Chronic long term inflammation may lead to ?

A

Premalignant lesions

Inflammation causes cells to divid constantly – may get a mutation that leads to cancer

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6
Q

Traumatic ulcerations

A

Acute or chronic

Break in the membrane

Found: Lips, Tongue, Buccal mucosa

Appearance: Erythema surrounding a central removalbe yellow fibrinpurulent membrane

Yellow – moisture does not allow fibrin clot to dry

Rolled white border –> Hyperkeratosis can develop immediately adjacent to the ulceration

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7
Q
A

Traumatic Ulcerative Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophila (TUGSE)

** Eosinophil ulceration**

Deep pseudoinvasive inflammatory process

Slow to resolve

Inflammation extedning into skeletal muscle – EOSINOPHILS attracted to dying skeletal muscle

May look similar to cancer – ALWAYS ask the patient if they experience trauma recently.

Riga Fede Disease

Treatment: Remove trauma, Steroid injections

BIOPSY if it does not resolve after 2 -4 weeks

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8
Q
A

Electrical Burn

* Contact

* Arc – salva acts as a conducting medium and electrical arch flows between the electrical source and mouth

Chewing on femal end of an electrical cord

Painless, charred, yellow area – doesn’t bleed

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9
Q
A

Chemical burns – MEDICATIONS

Rather than swollowing it, it is placed in the cheek area to dissolve

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10
Q

Medications that can cause chemical burns

A

Aspirin

Bisphosphonates

Psychoactive drugs ( chlorpromazine, promazine)

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11
Q

Patient or dental misuse of materials – CHEMICAL BURNS

A

Tooth whitening

Hydrogen peroxide

Phenol

Silve nitrate

Endo materials

Cotton rolls

EDTA

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12
Q

Cotton Roll Burns

A

Physical burn

Dries out the mucosa –> Mucosal fibers bind to the cotton

Make sure the WET the cotton roll before removing

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13
Q

Antineoplastic Therapy

A

Antineoplastic therapy –> Stops tumor growth

** Targets tissue with rapid turnover (mucosal tissue)**

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14
Q

Noninfectious oral complications of Antineoplastic Therapy

A

Mucositis and Hemorrhage

Xerostomia

Loss of taste

Osteoradionecrosis

Trismus

Developmental abnormalities

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15
Q

_____ % of patients with Head and Neck radiation have oral ramifications

A

100

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16
Q

_____ % of pts with BMT have oral complications

A

75%

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17
Q

Hemorrhaging

A

Secondary to thrombocytopenia

Oral Petechia

Ecchymosis

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18
Q
A

Mucositis

White discoloration from a lack of sufficient dewquamation of keratin

Loss of keratin and replacement by atrophic mucosa

Areas of ulceration develop

19
Q

Xerostomia

A

Salivary glands are senstive to radiation

Increase in caries risk

Treat – fluoride

20
Q

Loss of taste

A

Loss of all four tastes

Returns in about 4 months

Antineoplastic Therapy

21
Q

Hypogeusia

A

Loss of all 4 tastes

22
Q

Dysgeusia

A

Permanent altered taste

23
Q
A

Osteoradionecrosis

Risk is highest –> Local surgical procedure is performed within 3 weeks of therapy or within 1 year of therapy

Not painful – does not affect the periosteum (most nerve sensation)

24
Q

Treatment of Osteoradionecrosis

A

ABX

Debridement

Irrigations

Removal of diseased bone

25
Q

Bisphosphonates Action

A

Inhibit osteoclasts

Interfere with angiogenesis

26
Q

Bisphosphonates used for?

A

Slow osseous involvmentof cancer

Treat Paget’s Disease

Reverse osteoporosis

27
Q

Bisphosphonates

First generation –>

Second generation –>

A

First – low potency

Second – more potent, half life of 10 years, Strong association with gnathic osteonecrosis

Drug is incorporated highest in areas of ACTIVE remodeling (maxilla, mandible)

28
Q

IV bisphosphonates

A

Prevalance of osteonecrosis –> 6-8%

manipulation of bone should be AVOIDED

29
Q

Oral Bisphosphonates

A

Prevalance of osteonecrosis 1:100,000

Informed consent beforebone manipulation

30
Q
A

Bisphosphonate Osteonecrosis

31
Q

Methamphetamine

A

Powdered class I drug

Smoke, snort, inject, oral

Increase in desire of sugary drinks and foods

Causes dry mouth

Facial smooth surfaces and interproximal surfaces first affected

32
Q

Parsitosis

A

Delusions of feeling SNAKES/INSECTS crawling under skin

Meth Users

33
Q
A

Exfoliative Cheilitis

Persistent scaling and flakig of the vermillion border

** Due to chronic injury secondary to habits, such as lip licking**

Treatment – cessation of habit, corticosteroids

34
Q

Submucosal Hemorrhage

A

Oral Petechial/Purpura

Red or purple discolaration of the skin that DOES NOT blanch

35
Q

Causes of submucosal Hemorrhaging

A

Repeated coughing or vomiting

Convulsions

Oral sex

Anticoagulant therapy

Thrombocytopenia

Disseminated intravascular coagulation

Viral infections (mono, measles)

No treatment –> should resolve on it’s own

36
Q

How to get an amalgam tattoo? (5)

A

Previous areas of mucosal abrasions can be contamiated by amalgam dust

Broken amalgam peices fall into extraction site

Contaminated dental floss cancreate linear areas of pigmentation

Endo retrofill

High speed drills driving particles into tissue

37
Q

Melanoma vs Amalgam tattoo

A

Blue, Black, Brown

Amalgam tattoo:

Radiopaque, macules rather than raised lesion

If lesion is not radiopaque – take BIOPSY to rule out melanoma

38
Q
A

Susuk

Southeast Asia

Placed by native magicion or medicin man

*Enhance and perserve beauty

* Relieve pain

* Bringsuccess

* Provide protection

Shaped like a needle

Orofacial region is most common placement

39
Q

Lower lip piercings may cause (2)

A

Tissue recession lower mandibular anteriors

Granuloma formation from trauma

40
Q
A

Smokers Melanosis – gingival pigmentation

Nicotene stimulates melanin production

Most commonly seen –> MANDIBULAR anterior facial gingiva

Cessationof smoking may see gradula disappearance

41
Q

When to biopsy tissue pigmentation?

A

Not a smoker

Not dark skinned

Have gingival discolartion

42
Q
A

Antral Pseudocysts

Domed shaped radiopaque lesionarising from the intact floor of the MAXILLARY sinus

No treatment

43
Q

What does an antral pseudocyst contain?

A

EXUDATE accumulated under the sinus mucosa and causes sessile elevation

44
Q

Radiopacity: Dome Shaped –>

Flat lined –>

A

Dome –> Antral pseudocyst

Flat –> Sinusitis

Oral Pathology (17 decks)

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