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Oral Pathology > Chapter 4 -- Periodontal Disease > Flashcards

Chapter 4 -- Periodontal Disease Flashcards

1
Q
A

Gingivitis

Inflammation limited to the soft tissue that surround the teeth

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2
Q

Cuases of Gingivitis

A

Plaque

Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

Medication

Allergy

Specific infections (HSV, HIV)

Dematosis – conditions affecting skin, hair, nails and glands

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3
Q

Plaque Related Gingivitis

A

Lack of proper oral hygiene

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4
Q

Plaque related gingivits SYSTEMIC FACTORS

A

Hormones

stress

substance abuse

Medications

Diabetes

Down Syndrome

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5
Q

Plaque Related LOCAL FACTORS

A

Trauma

Tooth crowding

Caries

Iatrogenic factors

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6
Q
A

Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis

Associated with specific bacteria

Occurs in the presence of psychological stress

“Trench Mouth” –> Fould odor

Immune suppression (AIDS, infectious mononucleosis)

Blunted papillae – punched out

Gray pseudomembrane

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7
Q
A

Plasma Cell Gingivitis

Related to hypersentivity

Rapid onset of sore mouth

Allergic Reaction - (big red chewing gum)

Cinnamon aldehyde

May appear white – thicker tissue reaction

Plasma cells aggregate (eosinophils)

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8
Q

Necrotizing Gingivitis Bacteria (5)

A

Fusobacterium nucleatum

Prevotella intermedia

Porphyromonas gingivalis

Treponema spp

Selenomonas spp

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9
Q
A

Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia – WRIGHT’s Lesion

Idiopathic

Sulcular epithelium proliferation – grows out of th sulcus

Small bright red - due to blood vessels of sulcular epithelium

Velvety or papilary alteration

Bleeds upon manipulation

Predilection –> Maxillary anterior facial gingiva

Vast majority occur under 20 (age 12)

Treatment: Biopsy, excise

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10
Q
A

Desquamative Gingivits

Gingival epithelium that spontanesouly sloughs or can be removed with minor manipulation

Clinical diagnosis – no a pathological diagnosis

BIOPSY required

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11
Q

Desquamative Gingivitis Differentials (5)

A

Lichen Planus

Mucous membrane pemphigoid

Pemphigus vulgaris

Systemic lupus erythematosis

Hypersensitivity

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12
Q
A

Drug related Gingival Hyperplasia

Abnormal growth of gingival tissue - secondary to use of sysemtic medication

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13
Q

3 medications that contibute to Drug-related gingival hyperplasia

A

Cyclosporin (transplant therapy - antirejection medication)

Phenytoin (anticonvulsant)

Nifedipine (calcium channel blocker)

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14
Q

Cyclosporin

A

Transplant therapy

occurs in 25%

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15
Q

Phenytoin

A

Anticonvulsant

Gingival hyperplasia

50%

MOST COMMON

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16
Q

Nifedipine

A

Calcium channel blocker

Gingival hyperplasia

25% of people

17
Q

Gingival Fibromatosis

A

SLOWLY progressive gingival enlargment

Caused by a collagenous overgrowth of gingival fibrous connective tissue

Familial or idopathic

Other common findings:

* Hypertrichosis

* Generalized aggressive periodontitis

* Epilepsy

* Mental retardation

* Growth hormone deficiency

18
Q

Other findings of gingival fibromatosis: (5)

A

Hypertrichosis

Generalized aggressive periodontitis

Epilepsy

Mental retardation

Growth hormone deficiency

19
Q

Clinical Problems of Gingival Fibromatosis

A

Poor esthetics

Retention of deciduous teeth

Malocclusion

Inadequate lip closure

Difficulty eating and speaking

20
Q

Periodontitis

A

Inflammation of the gingival tissues

Loss of PDL and bony support

21
Q

Chronic periodontitis

A

Advanced age

Smoking

Diabetes

Osteoporosis

HIV infection

Lower socioeconomic level

22
Q
A

Periocornitis

Inflammatory process arises within the tissues

Surrounding a crown of a partially erupted tooth

MANDIBULAR 3rd molars

23
Q

Papillon- Lefever Syndrome

A

Autosomal recessive

Loss of Cathepsin C gene (chromosome 11)

Oral and dermatologic manifestations

Accelerated periodontitis – defect in neutrophil function

Teeth floating in air - RADIOGRAPHICALLY

Actionbacillus actinomycetemcoitans

Palmar Plantar keratosis – tylosis

Oral Pathology (17 decks)

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