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Oral Pathology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Crouzon Syndrome

A

Craniosynostosis
Beaten metal skull x ray
Underdeveloped maxilla
Mutation in fibroblast

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2
Q

Apert Syndrome

A

** ACROCEPHALOSYNDACTYLY **
Craniosynostosis
Syndactly
Downward PALPEBRAL FISSURES

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3
Q

Treacher- Collins Syndrome

A

** MANDIBULOFACIAL DYSOSTOSIS **
Hypoplastic zygoma
Colomba (notched out portion of eye)

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4
Q

Progressive Hemifacial Atrophy

A

Loss of function and atrophy of one side of the face.

Trauma – Borrelia burgoderfi infection

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5
Q

Hemihyperplasia

A

Non symmetrical growth of a body part

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6
Q

Segmental Odontomaxillary Dysplasia

A 
Overgrowth of bone and overlying gingiva in maxilla. 
Missing premolars (sometimes)
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7
Q

Dermoid Cyst

A 
Teratoma cyst (contains hair follicles, glands)
Found: FOM
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8
Q

Epidermoid Cystt

A

Epithelial lined sac found in acne prone areas

Develop from the hair follicle

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9
Q

Lymphoepithelial Cyst

A

Epithelial lined sac in lymphoid tissue
Found: Waldyers Circle (tonsils, adenoids), FOM, Lateral tongue, Soft palate

Yellow in color (benign)
White

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10
Q

Branchial Cyst

A

** Cervical Lymphoepithelial cyst **
Found anterior to SCM
Soft and fluctuant

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11
Q

Thyroglossal Duct Cyst

A

Cyst found along the path of thyroid travel to the neck. Epithelial remnants
Diagnosed before age of 20
Non functional thyroid tissue

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12
Q

Nasolabial Cyst

A

Lateral to midline in maxilla
SOFT TISSUE cyst
Raised ALA of the nose

Theories: Epithelial Remanants from…

  • Nasolacrimal duct
  • Fusion of Mx and medial nasal processes
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13
Q

Nasopalatine Cyst

A

Found between #8 and #9

Greater than 6 mm in diameter

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14
Q

Incisive Papilla Cyst

A

Nasopalatine cyst that developed in the soft tissue of the incisive papilla

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15
Q

Cysts of Newborn

A

Epstein Pearls

Bohns Nodules

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16
Q

Epstein Pearls

A

Epithelial remnants on the midline of the palate. Trapped during fusion of palatal shelves

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17
Q

Bohns Nodules

A

Epithelial remnants of minor salivary glands.

Found on the palate - scattered?

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18
Q

Eagle Syndrome

A

** Stylohyoid syndrome – Carotid syndrome **
Calcified stylohyoid ligament
Elongated Styloid process
Pain when turning head, dizziness because of the pinching of the carotid artery and nerve bunch

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19
Q

Stafne Defect

A

Radiolucencey BELOW the mandibular nerve canal.
Overgrowth and pressure of submandibular salivary gland.
Tissue is normal and functioning when biopsied

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20
Q

Cleft Lip

A

Fusion failure of Maxillary process and medial nasal process

Treatment: Rule of 10
10 weeks, 10 lbs, 10 gram % hemoglobin

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21
Q

Primary Palate

A

Intermaxillary Segment – merge medial nasal process
Anterior 1/3 hard palate
Incisors

22
Q

Secondary Palate

A

Maxillary Processes - palatal shelves

23
Q

Cleft Palate

A

Failure of fusion of palatal shelves

Secondary palate with primary palate

24
Q

45% cases are CL and CP

A

.

25
Q

Syndromic clefting

A

Typically Cleft Palate only

Most common syndromic clefting –> Van Der Woude Syndrome

26
Q

Lateral Facial cleft

A

Failure of maxillary and mandibular process to fuse

27
Q

Oblique facial Cleft

A

Failure of fusion of lateral nasal processes and maxillary process

28
Q

Median Cleft

A

Failure of fusion of the medial nasal processes

29
Q

Prevalence of clefting

A

Native Americans
Asians
Caucasians
African American

30
Q

Submucousal palatal cleft

A 
Mucosa intact 
Underlying structures (bone, muscle) defect

Appearance – Blue midline discoloration

31
Q

Minimal manifestation of cleft palate

A

Cleft uvula

32
Q

Commissural Lip Pits

A

Mucosal invaginations that occur in the corner of the mouth

NOT syndromic – not associated with cleating
No treatment required

33
Q

Paramedian lip pits

A

Typically syndromic
Invaginations of lower lip
Usually bilateral
No treatment

34
Q

Van Der Woude Syndrome

A

Paramedian Lip Pits
CL and CP – most common syndromic
AD

35
Q

Double lip

A

Redundant fold of tissue on mucosal side of lip
Congenital or acquired
UPPER LIP
No treatment

36
Q

Ascher Syndrome

A

Double lip
Blepharochalasis (eye swelling)
Non toxic thyroid enlargment

37
Q

Fordyce granules

A

ectopic sebacous glands - no hair follicle
VERY COMMON!

Buccal mucosa
Vermillion border

Whit - yellow papular lesions (raised)

38
Q

Leukoedema

A

AFRICAN AMERICANS
Gray-white opalescent lesions
Bilateral
Buccal Mucosa

Does not rub off
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS –> white disappears when cheek is stretched

39
Q

Microglossia

A

Abnormally small tongue

Syndromic – associated with limb features

40
Q

Aglossia

A

missing tongue
associated with micrognathia
can result in misshaped maxillary palate
* tongue is important for shaping palate

Mandibular incisors may be missing

41
Q

Macroglossia

A

Large tongue

Caused by:

  • Vascular malformations
  • Muscular hypertrophy
  • Lymphangioma
  • Down syndrome
  • Amyloidosis
  • Angioedema
  • Tumors
  • BECKWITH WIEDMANN syndrome
42
Q

Amyloidosis

A

accumulation of inappropriately folded proteins

43
Q

Angioedema

A

Allergic reaction

44
Q

Beck with Wiedmann Syndrome

A

Patients have an increased risk for childhood tumors

45
Q

Ankyloglossia

A

Tongue tied
Short frenum

Problems with:

  • Speech
  • Breastfeeding

Treatment - frenectomy or frenuloplasty

46
Q

Lingual thyroid

A

Thyroid tissue located at the foramen cecum on the tongue.

Only functioning thyroid tissue – DO NOT REMOVE

Arise during puberty, pregnancy, menopause

47
Q

Symptoms of lingual thyroid

A

Dysphagia
Dysphonia
Dyspnea

48
Q

How to determine if it is a lingual thyroid without biopsy?

A

Use Iodine isotopes or TECH 99

CT or MRI

49
Q

Fissured Tongue

A

Scrotal Tongue
Multiple grooves and furrows (deep)

Burning – from bacteria and and food impaction in crevices

associated with GEOGRAPHIC TONGUE

No treatment – just brush

50
Q

Geographic tongue

A

BENIGN MIGRATORY GLOSSITIS

Inflammation that moves around the tongue

Depopulates the tongue – smooth areas

Associated with fissured tongue

51
Q

Erythema migrans

A

Geographic tongue when NOT ON THE TONGUE

Oral Pathology (17 decks)

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