Chapter 8 Flashcards
Network Interface Card (NIC)
1 of 4 basic components or a network, its plugged into a slot on the motherboard inside the computer and allows a network cable to be plugged in so it can communicate with other computers
Ethernet Card
a common NIC, provide the computer with a unique 48 bit address called a MAC (media access control) address, means each computer on a network can be uniquely identified
Protocol
a standard language, must exist in order for the connected computers to communicate, its a convention or standard that controls or allows communication and data transfer between two computers, are governed by hardware and software
Ethernet Cable
specialized wires with adapters that plug into the NIC,
Twisted Pair
most common type of cable wire, which is a specialized wire that cancels out electromagnetic interference from other electronic devices and increase reliability
Network Hub
most common type is ethernet hub, its a central location of the computer network that serves as a traffic cop for network connection and communication, ensure that computer traffic collisions are eliminated
Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
most common network protocol, TCP/IP checks to see the receiving computer accepts all of the packets that make up the spreadsheet and that the packets are in the correct order, guarantees reliability of the computer file received by the networks end user
Packets
are broken down files that are smaller more manageable pieces sent to the receiving computer on the computer and then reassembled in the correct order
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
send the entire file at once in a streaming fashion, it is much faster than TCP/IP does not guarantee a files reliability
Operating System (OS)
software that administers the hardware and software of a computer allowing it to work properly , called a platform performs important jobs like controlling memory, input/output devices, and managing computer files
Network Operating System (NOS)
software that controls an entire network, responsible for network traffic control, administering packets, file management, administering certain function like backup, and security. when a new device is attached it recognizes it and installs it as part of the network
Topology
the mapping of a physical network and logical interconnections between nodes
Node
any device that is connected as part of a computer network, including computers, hubs, printers, and switches
Bus Topology
or linear bus is a network topology where each of a networks nodes is connected to a common linear backbone that has two endpoints
-laid out in a straight line but not always straight
-only use one cable or a couple
Advantage of Bus Topology
- only involves cables and a server
- cheap
- easy to setup
Disadvantage of Bus Topology
- slower because you have to wait for all the other ones to transmit
- if cable breaks the whole network goes down
- large businesses do not use this
Star Topology
star shape created by nodes that radiate around a central node, theres only one central device
Advantage of Star Topology
- easy to add on to connect because you only have to connect to one device
- easy to identify where the problem is because they all connect to the same thing
- fast performance
Disadvantage of Star Topology
- expensive
- lots of cables
- if hub goes out the entire network will go out
Ring Topology
shaped like a ring, data goes in a circular manner, each computer node is connected to two other computers in the network with the first and last computers being connected to each other
Advantage of Ring Topology
- organized
-doesn’t really need a server
Disadvantage of Ring Topology
-Will struggle to identify if there is a problem because it is connected to multiple devices
-Theres one cable if it goes out everything goes out
Mesh Topology
interconnected used for wireless
Advantage of Mesh Topology
- Manages on high amount of traffic
- If one cable goes down it doesn’t matter we can fix that one
Disadvantage of Mesh Topology
-Expensive
-Difficult to fix if there’s a problem
Hybrid topology
Network topology that combines two or more networks topologies like ring,bus, and mesh topologies
Advantage: Reliable
Disadvantage: Hardware is expensive, Costly
different types of computer networks
- PAN
- LAN
- MAN
- WAN
Business Process
A series of tasks that have been written out and are to be carried out to reach an efficient goal.
Percentage of human interference that causes network outages
55-60%
percentage of network changes impact business in one way or another
74%
what monitoring solutions does a network fail to catch
Performance
Real time alerts
Remote access
Security
Cost effectiveness
Scalability
network
2 or more computers are linked/connected and can communicate with one another and share resources
causes of network outages
Hardware failure, cyberattack, hacking, human error, defective software
Local Area Network (LAN)
represents mays business school, relatively small, typically in a small building sometimes as small as a single room
Campus Area Network (CAN)
connects two or more LAN’s that are located on a campus, organizations national headquarters, industrial complexes
Metropolitan Area Network
computer network that connects two or more LANs or CANs together but within the boundaries of a town or city.
Wide Area Network (WAN)
- represents Texas or the US
-encompass a wide geographical area and connect LANs, CANs, and MANs together
-Many large organizations rely on WANs to centralize data and information in a main office and then having the capability to disseminate that information nationwide, or even worldwide
Peer to Peer Networks
computer networks that generally connect computers directly to one another without the use of a server, common for sharing video or audio
Firewall
specialized hardware and software that ensures that only authorized personnel can access and use an organization’s intranet.
permissions
restrict or grant access to specific files and folders on a computer network to a user or group of users
different physical topologies
Bus
Ring
Star
Mesh
Hybrid
if you implement the incorrect topology
Loss of data
Security breaches
Loss of revenue
network topology map
Shows how the physical network is connected, and show where everything will be
benefits of a node
Connecting to the internet
Online internet collaboration
prevent network outages
Making sure employees is trained
Making sure hardware is updated
Having plans to prevents this
